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| 1.
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Imura, Yoshimi ; Nakamura, Ichiro ; Juntasin, Weenaporn ; Hossain, Mohammad Amzad ; Thaikua, Sarayut ; Poungkaew, Rattikan ; Kawamoto, Yasuhiro
概要:
Two field trials were conducted in Northern Thailand from 2018 to 2020 to determine the best manual harvesting method fo
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r maximizing seed yield and seed quality of two Urochloa ruziziensis cultivars, cv. OKI-1 and cv. Br-203. Four manual seed harvesting methods were implicated in a randomized complete block design with four replicates. The four methods were as follows: knocking seeds from seedheads into a nylon net receptacle and collecting them once every day (T1); knocking seeds from seedheads into a nylon net receptacle and collecting them once every three days (T2); allowing ripe seeds to fall into a nylon net sheet that was stretched as a receptacle beneath the seedheads and collecting seeds once every five days (T3); and covering the tied seedheads with a nylon net bag and collecting seeds once every five days (T4). The highest pure seed yield was obtained from T3 in cv. Br-203 (333.11 kg/ha), as well as the highest trend in cv. OKI-1 (534.67 kg/ha). T3 produced 22–46% and 11–27% more pure germinated seed yields than the other methods in cv. Br-203 and cv. OKI-1, respectively. As a result, T3 was recommended for higher seed yield, convenient seed harvest, and reduced manual seed harvest time.
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| 2.
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Farooqi, Javed Ahmad ; Ono, Hiroko
概要:
This study evaluates land use transformation in Kandahar’s old city, also known as Ahmad Shahi city, the birthplace and
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first capital of modern Afghanistan. The city consists of four rectangular quarters and is surrounded by a high strong mud wall, entrance gates, and a moat. In the early 20th century, the city experienced significant and arbitrary expansion, which certainly affected the urban fabric of the area, the streets were widened, and the city wall, towers, and gates were demolished, and the area was added to the construction of new government buildings, commercial establishments, and residential plots. This study aims to evaluate the alterations in the old city’s urban morphology, culture, and sociology by conducting a comparative analysis of three maps from different time periods and considering various factors within the target area.
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| 3.
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宮国, 薫子 ; Miyakuni, Kaoruko
概要:
Tourism is one of the major economic drivers of small island developing nations (SIDs). Republic of Palau is one of the countries which depends heavily on tourism for their economy. In 2015, United Nations adopted Sustainable
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Development Goals (SDGs) and required member nations to submit Voluntary National Review (VNR) to develop their economies guided by SDGs. This thesis aims to clarify the relationship between tourism and SDGs by introducing history, culture, tourism, and VNR of Republic of Palau regarding SDGs 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth), 12 (Responsible Production and Consumption), and 14 (Life below Water) .
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| 4.
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竹葉, 梓 ; Takeba, Azusa ; 矢野, 恵美 ; Yano, Emi
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| 5.
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Kurnia, Sultan ; Funck, Carolin ; Retnaningtiyas, Wulandari
概要:
As one of the most-known wreck dive destinations in the world, diving tourism at the USAT Liberty site in Tulamben, Bali, has been developing for more than forty years. However, this niche island tourism is facing other problems besides the
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deteriorating condition of the shipwreck. Some examples include emerging conflicts of interest between stakeholders and the local community's economic dependency on diving tourism. Using the scuba diving tourism system framework, this article aims to understand wreck-diving tourism management in Tulamben, focusing on involved key stakeholders by examining their positions, roles, and contributions to socio-cultural, socio-economic, and environmental sustainability. This study uses social network analysis to examine the dynamics of actor relations in depth. Data were collected through field observation, interviews, and questionnaire surveys in 2019, 2020, and 2022. The results show that involved stakeholders in the management of wreck diving at the USAT Liberty site consist of local people, the traditional village, local government bodies, business owners (both native Balinese and outsiders), and divers, who were predominately foreigners. The study also revealed the high dependency of locals on diving tourism, causing them to experience economic difficulties when wreck diving stopped due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition to that, the lack of transparency regarding the number of tourists and the profits from ticket sales made it difficult to develop facilities and attractions. This study argues that community-based tourism management needs to be maintained to ensure that the local community remains the main actor. However, this practice needs to be continuously evaluated internally and externally to overcome various problems that currently exist.
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| 6.
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Hayward, Philip ; Greenland, Felicity
概要:
Over the last century, the mermaid—a figure that represents aspects of what has been termed the ‘aquapelagic imaginary’
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of maritime and waterside societies—has become increasingly widespread in international popular culture. Along with its appearance in cinema and television, it has been used to promote various products, including, most notably, Starbucks coffee. This has also been the case in Japan, where Hans Christian Andersen’s short story “The Little Mermaid” is well known and where the mermaid has been significantly localised through being featured in manga and anime productions. This article profiles one of the most persistent uses of the mermaid in Japanese popular culture to date: the logo used to symbolise and promote the Little Mermaid bakery chain. The logo is discussed with reference to the Danish association of the chain’s bakery products and its use is contrasted to aspects of the Starbucks coffeehouse symbol. The particular socio-cultural and industrial nexus that the logo emerged from is explored through discussion of the history of the Andersen group of companies. This aspect, in turn, has deeper roots in the particular attention paid to Denmark as a model for Japanese modernisation in two periods (the 1910s-20s and the late 1940s-50s), and this aspect serves to contextualise the nature and life of the logo. The recontextualisation of the Little Mermaid in Japan is also notable for minimising its aquapelagic aspect and, instead, packaging it in very precise manners for domestic consumption. In this context, the mermaid is effectively the “tip of the iceberg” of a greater, more far-reaching, imaginative, and transformative engagement with a European exotic “other.” The article contributes to an expansion of Island Studies by documenting the manner in which the symbol of one archipelagic/aquapelagic culture is transformed into a more terrestrialised commercial brand in a different island nation.
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| 7.
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Ito, Masahiko
概要:
We provide explicit expressions for two types of first order q-difference systems for the Jackson integral of symmetric Selberg type. One is the q- difference system known to be the q-KZ equation and the other is the
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q-difference system for parameters different from the q-KZ equation. We use a basis of the systems introduced by Matsuo in his study of the q-KZ equation. As a result, the similarity of these two systems is discussed by concrete calculations. Interme- diate calculations are made use of the Riemann-Hilbelt method for q-difference equation from connection matrix established by Aomoto.
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| 8.
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Kimoto, Kazufumi
概要:
We establish a formula for the two-variable zeta functions for graphs introduced by Lorenzini, and use it to give explicit formulas of the zeta functions for dipole graphs, doubled trees and friendship graphs. We observe that the
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two-variable zeta functions for these graphs have a unified formula expressed using the Tutte polynomials.
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| 9.
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Sudo, Takahiro
概要:
We study the entire cyclic cohomology theory for Banach algebras by following a part of the noncommutative geometric theory invented by Connes.
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| 10.
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Toda, Kei ; Obolkin, Vladimir ; Ohira, Shin-Ichi ; Saeki, Kentaro
概要:
Phytoplanktonic dinoflagellates form colonies between vertical ice crystals during the icemelting season in Lake Baikal, but how the plankton survive the freezing conditions is not known. Here we show that the phytoplankton produces
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large amounts of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), which is best-known as a marine compound. Lake-water DMSP concentrations in the spring season are comparable with those in the oceans, and colony water in ice exhibits extremely high concentrations. DMSP concentration of surface water correlates with plankton density and reaches a maximum in mid-April, with temperature-dependent fluctuations. DMSP is released from plankton cells into water in warm days. DMSP is a characteristic osmolyte of marine algae; our results demonstrate that freshwater plankton, Gymnodinium baicalense, has DMSP-producing ability, and efficiently uses the limited sulfur resource (only 1/500 of sea sulfate) to survive in freshwater ice. Plankton in Lake Baikal do not need an osmolyte, and our results clearly indicate that DMSP plays a cryoprotective role. DMSP, although a characteristic marine compound, could also be an important zwitterion for algae of other boreal lakes, alpine snow, and glaciers.
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| 11.
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Hanzawa, Eiko ; Sasaki, Kazuhiro ; Nagai, Shinsei ; Obara, Mitsuhiro ; Fukuta, Yoshimichi ; Uga, Yusaku ; Miyao, Akio ; Hirochika, Hirohiko ; Higashitani, Atsushi ; Maekawa, Masahiko ; Sato, Tadashi
概要:
Background: Root system architecture is an important trait affecting the uptake of nutrients and water by crops. Shallower root systems preferentially take up nutrients from the topsoil and help avoid unfavorable environments in deeper
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soil layers. We have found a soil-surface rooting mutant from an M2 population that was regenerated from seed calli of a japonica rice cultivar, Nipponbare. In this study, we examined the genetic and physiological characteristics of this mutant. Results: The primary roots of the mutant showed no gravitropic response from the seedling stage on, whereas the gravitropic response of the shoots was normal. Segregation analyses by using an F2 population derived from a cross between the soil-surface rooting mutant and wild-type Nipponbare indicated that the trait was controlled by a single recessive gene, designated as sor1. Fine mapping by using an F2 population derived from a cross between the mutant and an indica rice cultivar, Kasalath, revealed that sor1 was located within a 136-kb region between the simple sequence repeat markers RM16254 and 2935-6 on the terminal region of the short arm of chromosome 4, where 13 putative open reading frames (ORFs) were found. We sequenced these ORFs and detected a 33-bp deletion in one of them, Os04g0101800. Transgenic plants of the mutant transformed with the genomic fragment carrying the Os04g0101800 sequence from Nipponbare showed normal gravitropic responses and no soil-surface rooting. Conclusion: These results suggest that sor1, a rice mutant causing soil-surface rooting and altered root gravitropic response, is allelic to Os04g0101800, and that a 33-bp deletion in the coding region of this gene causes the mutant phenotypes.
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| 12.
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Osada, Yohei ; 長田, 庸平
概要:
Tornodoxa paraleptopalta Ueda is newly recorded from Yakushima Island, Kagoshima Prefecture. The specimen of adult and t
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he male genitalia are shown. This species is recorded from the Ryukyu Islands for the first time.
ヒメハイジロキバガは大阪府産の標本に基づいて記載され, これまで日本 (本州, 九州) および台湾から知られていた. 大阪市立自然史博物館での標本調査において, 屋久島産の本種の標本が確認されたので, ここに記録する. 琉球列島では初記録である. 続きを見る |
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| 13.
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Osada, Yohei ; 長田, 庸平
概要:
Lopharcha psathyra Diakonoff is newly recorded from Yakushima Island. The specimen and female genitalia are shown. This
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species is recorded from the Ryukyu Islands for the first time.
スジケマダラハマキはこれまで日本の本州, 四国, 九州から知られていた.寄主植物は, クスノキ科のシロダモとクスノキである. 大阪市立自然史博物館での標本調査において, 屋久島産の本種の標本が確認されたので, 琉球列島初記録としてここに記録する. 続きを見る |
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| 14.
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Osada, Yohei ; 長田, 庸平
概要:
Caloptilia zachrysa (Meyrick) is newly recorded from Yakushima Island. A female adult of the species and female genitali
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a are shown.
リンゴの害虫として知られるリンゴハマキホソガは日本, 台湾, 韓国, 中国, インド, スリランカに分布し, 日本国内では本州, 四国, 九州, 沖縄島から知られていた. 大阪市立自然史博物館での標本調査において, 屋久島産の本種の標本が確認されたので, ここに記録する．屋久島では初記録である. 続きを見る |
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| 15.
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Karasawa, Shigenori ; 唐沢, 重考 ; Nagata, Satomi ; 長田, 諭実 ; Honda, Masanao ; 本多, 正尚
概要:
Adult female and immature specimens of Typopeltis crucifer Pocock, 1894, were collected from Taramajima Island, Sakishim
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a Islands, southwestern Japan. A phylogenetic tree built using the mitochondrial COI gene (620 bp) of T. crucifer from Sakishima Islands revealed that specimens from Ishigakijima Island comprised two genetic groups. One of these groups formed a clade with specimens from Taramajima Island, and the other group was closely related to specimens from Iriomotejima Island. Our finding indicates that phylogeographic analyses on soil-dwelling invertebrates are expected to provide new insights into the paleogeographic processes that have shaped the Ryukyu Islands.
多良間島から雌成体と幼体のタイワンサソリモドキを採集した. ミトコンドリアCOI遺伝子 (620 bp) を用いた系統解析の結果, 石垣島には2つの遺伝グループがあり, そのうちの一つは多良間島の個体とクレードを構成することが分かった. また, もう一つのグループは西表島の個体とクレードを構成した. 本研究の結果, 土壌性無脊椎動物の系統地理学的研究は, 先島諸島の系統地理学に新たな知見をもたらすことを示唆する. 続きを見る |
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| 16.
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Nomura, Keiichi ; 野村, 恵一 ; Baird, Andrew H. ; Suzuki, Go ; 鈴木, 豪
概要:
A survey of Montipora corals fauna was conducted around Minami-Daitojima Island in June 2022 and a total of eight specie
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s (Montipora nodosa, Montipora sp. OKINAWATOGE, M. peltiformis, M. sinensis, M. stalagmites, M. turgescens, M. venosa and Montipora sp.) were recorded. Of these species, M. stalagmites was recorded for the first time in the 135 years since it was originally described. The species richness of the Montipora of Minami-Daito Island is very low when compared to other islands of the Ryukyu Archipelago. This is presumably because of the severe habitat environment of this oceanic island which has a steeply sloping bathymetry, little reef development, and extremely high wave energy.
2022年6月に南大東島でコモンサンゴ類相の調査が行われ, 合計8種（イワトゲコモンサンゴMontipora nodosa, オキナワトゲコモンサンゴMontipora sp. OKINAWATOGE, ムラサキコモンサンゴM. peltiformis, ナンサコモンサンゴM. sinensis, ダイトウコモンサンゴ (新称) M. stalagmites, ホンアバタコモンサンゴM. turgescens, フカアナコモンサンゴM. venosaならびにコモンサンゴ類の一種Montipora sp.）が記録された. これらの種のうち, ダイトウコモンサンゴは, タヒチからの原記載以来135年ぶりに記録された. 南大東島のコモンサンゴ類の種の豊富さは, 他の琉球列島の島々と比較して非常に低い. これは, この海洋島が急傾斜でサンゴ礁が発達せず, 波当たりが非常に強いという厳しい生息環境のためであると推察された. 続きを見る |
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| 17.
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Shinzato, Yuki ; Zamami, Ryo ; Oshiro, Nanako ; Nakamura, Takuto ; Ishida, Akio ; Ohya, Yusuke ; Kohagura, Kentaro
概要:
The combination effects of smoking (SMK) and hyperuricemia (HU) on renal arteriolosclerosis in patients with IgA nephrop
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athy remain unknown. We examined the cross-sectional association between smoking (current or former) and renal arteriolar hyalinosis and wall thickening with or without HU [uric acid (UA) level 7 and 5 mg/dL in men and women] in 87 patients with IgA nephropathy who underwent renal biopsy. Arteriolar hyalinosis and wall thickening were assessed by the semiquantitative grading of arterioles. The SMK/HU subgroup showed the highest indices for hyalinosis and wall thickening, followed by the non-SMK/HU, SMK/non-HU, and non- SMK/non-HU subgroups. Multiple logistic analysis showed that SMK/HU, but not SMK/non-HU, was significantly associated with an increased risk of higher-grade renal arteriolar wall thickening. However, this did not occur with hyalinosis compared to non-SMK/non-HU. The adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval, p value) for SMK/HU was 12.8 (1.36–119, p < 0.05) for wall thickening. An association between SMK and renal arteriolar wall thickening might be prevalent only among patients with HU and in patients with IgA nephropathy. Further prospective studies are needed to determine whether patients with HU and SMK history exhibit rapid eGFR deterioration.
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| 18.
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Aoki, Yumi ; Takaesu, Yoshikazu ; Matsui, Kentaro ; Tokumasu, Takahiro ; Tani, Hideaki ; Takekita, Yoshiteru ; Kanazawa, Tetsufumi ; Kishimoto, Taishiro ; Tarutani, Seiichiro ; Hashimoto, Naoki ; Takeuchi, Hiroyoshi ; Mishima, Kazuo ; Inada, Ken
概要:
Aim: Continued antipsychotic treatment is the key to preventing relapse. Maintenance antipsychotic monotherapy and optimal dose use are recommended for individuals with stable schizophrenia because of their undesirable effects.
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Decision aids (DAs) are clinical conversation tools that facilitate shared decision-making (SDM) between patients and health-care providers. This study aimed to describe the development process and results of acceptability testing of a DA for individuals with stable schizophrenia, considering (i) whether to continue high-dose antipsychotics or reduce to the standard dose and (ii) whether to continue two antipsychotics or shift to monotherapy. Methods: A DA was developed according to the guidelines for the appropriate use of psychotropic medications and International Patient Decision Aid Standards (IPDAS). First, a DA prototype was developed based on a previous systematic review and meta-analysis conducted for identifying the effects of continuing or reducing antipsychotic treatment. Second, mixed-method survey was performed among individuals with schizophrenia and health-care providers to modify and finalize the DA. Results: The DA consisted of an explanation of schizophrenia, options to continue high-dose antipsychotics or reduce to the standard dose, options to continue two antipsychotics or shift to monotherapy, pros and cons of each option, and a value-clarification worksheet for each option. The patients (n = 20) reported acceptable language use (75%), adequate information (75%), and well-balanced presentation (79%). Health-care providers (n = 20) also provided favorable overall feedback. The final DA covered six IPDAS qualifying criteria. Conclusion: A DA was successfully developed for schizophrenia, considering whether to reduce antipsychotics, which can be used in the SDM process.
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| 19.
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Kitajima Eiji ; Sato Takashi ; Kurata Koji ; Miyata Ryota
概要:
We propose a framework to analyze the relationship between the movement features of a wheel gymnast around the mounting
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phase of Unit 2 of the vault event and execution (Escore) deductions from a machine-learning perspective. We first developed an automation system from a video of a wheel gymnast performing a tuck-front somersault to extract the four frames highlighting its Unit 2 performance of the vault event, such as take-off, pikemount, the starting point of time on the wheel, and final position before the thrust. We implemented this automation using recurrent all-pairs field transforms (RAFT) and XMem, i.e., deep network architectures respectively for optical flow estimation and video object segmentation. We then used a markerless pose-estimation system called OpenPose to acquire the coordinates of the gymnast’s body joints, such as shoulders, hips, and knees then calculate the joint angles at the extracted video frames. Finally, we constructed a regression model to estimate the E-score deductions during Unit 2 on the basis of the joint angles using an ensemble learning algorithm called Random Forests, with which we could automatically select a small number of features with the nonzero values of feature importances. By applying our framework of markerless motion analysis to videos of male wheel gymnasts performing the vault, we achieved precise estimation of the E-score deductions during Unit 2 with a determination coefficient of 0.79. We found the two movement features of particular importance for them to avoid significant deductions: time on the wheel and angles of knees at the pike-mount position. The selected features well reflected the maturity of the gymnast’s skills related to the motions of riding the wheel, easily noticeable to the judges, and their branching conditions were almost consistent with the general vault regulations.
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| 20.
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Futenma, Kunihiro ; Takaesu, Yoshikazu ; Komada, Yoko ; Shimura, Akiyoshi ; Okajima, Isa ; Matsui, Kentaro ; Tanioka, Kosuke ; Inoue, Yuichi
概要:
Delayed sleep–wake phase disorder (DSWPD) is a sleep disorder in which the habitual sleep–wake timing is delayed, result
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ing in difficulty in falling asleep and waking up at the desired time. Patients with DSWPD frequently experience fatigue, impaired concentration, sleep deprivation during weekdays, and problems of absenteeism, which may be further complicated by depressive symptoms. DSWPD is typically prevalent during adolescence and young adulthood. Although there are no studies comparing internationally, the prevalence of DSWPD is estimated to be approximately 3% with little racial differences between Caucasians and Asians. The presence of this disorder is associated with various physiological, genetic and psychological as well as behavioral factors. Furthermore, social factors are also involved in the mechanism of DSWPD. Recently, delayed sleep phase and prolonged sleep duration in the young generation have been reported during the period of COVID-19 pandemic-related behavioral restrictions. This phenomenon raises a concern about the risk of a mismatch between their sleep–wake phase and social life that may lead to the development of DSWPD after the removal of these restrictions. Although the typical feature of DSWPD is a delay in circadian rhythms, individuals with DSWPD without having misalignment of objectively measured circadian rhythm markers account for approximately 40% of the cases, wherein the psychological and behavioral characteristics of young people, such as truancy and academic or social troubles, are largely involved in the mechanism of this disorder. Recent studies have shown that DSWPD is frequently comorbid with psychiatric disorders, particularly mood and neurodevelopmental disorders, both of which have a bidirectional association with the pathophysiology of DSWPD. Additionally, patients with DSWPD have a strong tendency toward neuroticism and anxiety, which may result in the aggravation of insomnia symptoms. Therefore, future studies should address the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral approaches in addition to chronobiological approaches in the treatment of DSWPD.
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Hayward, Philip ; Kearney, Christine
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Albert, Patrick Donald ; Purifoy, Matthew
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Hinekura, Smith
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Naputi, Francine M.S.N.
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Robie, David
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Vunidilo, Tarisi
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Barnett, Samantha
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Harris, Usha Sundar
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Papoutsaki, Evangelia
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Johnson, Henry
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Kirk, Gwyn
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Espina, Tabitha ; Ong, Josephine Faith
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Laclé, Francielle
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Kelman, Ilan
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Frain, Sylvia C.
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Vaughn, Kēhaulani ; Reilly, Brandon J. ; Flores, Alfred Peredo ; Anesi, Juliann
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Cangah, Brenda
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Hermes, Karin Louise
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Fuste-Forne, Francesc
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Karides, Marina ; Rodríguez-Coss, Noralis
概要:
The following is a curated conversation between Marina Karides and Noralis Rodríguez-Coss, who together founded the Isla
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nd Feminisms Project and continue to advance feminist, decolonial, and social justice approaches in island studies. With the publication of “Why Island Feminism?” (Karides 2017), conference sessions, and the establishment of the Island Feminisms Spring Series, begun in 2020, the co-founders suggest that the field of island studies was guided towards gender and women (see Gender and Island Communities 2020, edited by Gaini and Nielsen as an example). However, they argue that the field continues to struggle to incorporate feminist and intersectional frameworks analytically. Karides and Rodríguez-Coss explore the paucity of feminist grounding in island studies, which tends towards the approach of “add women and stir.” Their dialogue reveals grassroots island activism as the core of island feminisms, which they identify as a social justice project.
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| 41.
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Wheeler, Vehia ; Duong-Pedica, Anaïs
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| 42.
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Forsyth, Meghan C.
概要:
The year 2020 marked the tricentennial of Acadian and French presence on Prince Edward Island, Canada’s smallest provinc
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e, located in the Gulf of Saint Lawrence on the Atlantic coast. Despite historical traumas and the pressures exerted by a majority Anglophone environment, the small Island Acadian population has persisted and thrived. Nevertheless, the process of anglicization that began in earnest in the 1860s continues to the present day. This article examines the goals, production, and reception of a mini web-documentary series about living in French on Prince Edward Island that aims to encourage the intergenerational transmission of the French language and foster a sense of legitimization and cultural pride. Complementing a long history of community activism around the Island’s French language and Acadian culture, the documentary project uses music, storytelling, and technology to promote cultural and linguistic sustainability. This article explores the role of music in the contemporary dynamics of sustaining, celebrating, and advocating for the French language and Francophone Acadian culture in this small island community.
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| 43.
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Robie, David
概要:
For more than a decade, the pioneering Pacific Media Centre at Aotearoa’s Auckland University of Technology led the way
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in journalism research and publication, publishing the globally ranked peer-reviewed journal Pacific Journalism Review, monographs, and a series of media and social justice books and documentaries. Perhaps even more important was the centre’s role in nurturing young and challenging Asia-Pacific student journalists and communicators seeking social change and providing them with the opportunity, support, and encouragement to enable them to become confident changemakers and community advocates. This article is a case study of a style of academic advocacy and activism that was characterised by its own multiethnic stakeholders’ advisory board as “the voice of the voiceless.” A feature was the “Talanoa journalism” model (Robie 2014), focused more on grassroots people and community resilience, especially faced with the global COVID-19 pandemic and climate crisis. The inspired initiative ended with a change of management to a more neoliberal approach to education at the university with scant appreciation for the vision.
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| 44.
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Bomai, Dick Witne ; Thomas, Verena ; Kauli, Jackie ; Spurgeon, Christina
概要:
This article examines the role of women in peacebuilding and in reducing accusations of sorcery and related violence amo
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ng the Yuri tribe in Papua New Guinea (PNG). The formation of the community-led peace movement YAKA (Yuri Alaiku Kuikane Association) in 2013 led to a stop of the tribal fights that frequently occurred among the Yuri people over several decades. Accusations of sorcery, previously related to tribal fights and contemporary forms of violent accusations, disproportionately affect women in the patriarchal PNG highland society. However, less documented are women’s roles in addressing sorcery accusation-related violence. Building on women’s agency and involvement in local peacebuilding, this paper investigates the contribution of women in mitigating sorcery accusations and related violence. The action research project discussed in this article included the local storytelling approach kapori and incorporated photovoice for participants to share their lived experiences. We examine the gendered dynamics in local activism and the cultural context of Yuri with regards to community well-being and leadership to inform future violence prevention strategies. Our research investigates the strategies of Yuri women to meaningfully contribute to peacebuilding and social cohesion to inform future violence prevention strategies. We demonstrate how Yuri women enact their agency in both private and public spaces, informed by empathy, traditional and Church values, family, and relational concepts.
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| 45.
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Duong-Pedica, Anaïs
概要:
“La Pause Décoloniale” is a radio show and podcast from Kanaky/New Caledonia that explores women’s reflections, formulat
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ions of, and contributions to decolonization. Created in February 2022, it operates in a context of ongoing French settler colonialism and through a formal decolonization process. However, this formal decolonization process has been questioned and critiqued, especially when it comes to France’s interest to maintain its sovereignty in Kanaky/New Caledonia and in the Pacific region more generally. This paper explores “La Pause Décoloniale” as a feminist intervention by women to resist the despair and disappointment generated by the current political context. It discusses how the radio program came about, presents the members of the team and how they work collaboratively, and their vision of the relation between feminism and decolonization. The paper also reflects on the episodes produced and the importance of translation. It does so by connecting the practice of “La Pause Décoloniale” to the history of women’s political action in the Pacific and in Kanaky/New Caledonia and making visible the constellation of relations to people, to place(s), and to struggles that are necessary to meaningfully do the work of decolonization.
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| 46.
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Na’puti, Tiara R. ; Karides, Marina ; Ginoza, Ayano ; Papoutsaki, Evangelia
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| 47.
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Aoki, Yumi ; Takaesu, Yoshikazu ; Inada, Ken ; Yamada, Hiroki ; Murao, Tomohiko ; Kikuchi, Toshiaki ; Takeshima, Masahiro ; Tani, Masayuki ; Mishima, Kazuo ; Otsubo, Tempei
概要:
Aim: We aimed to develop a decision aid (DA) for individuals with anxiety disorders who consider tapering benzodiazepine (BZD) anxiolytics, and if tapering, tapering BZD anxiolytics with or without cognitive behavioral therapy
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(CBT) for anxiety. We also assessed its acceptability among stakeholders. Methods: First, we conducted a literature review regarding anxiety disorders to determine treatment options. We cited the results of the systematic review and meta-analysis, which we conducted previously, to describe the related outcomes of two options: tapering BZD anxiolytics with CBT and tapering BZD anxiolytics without CBT. Second, we developed a DA prototype in accordance with the International Patient Decision Aid Standards. We carried out a mixed methods survey to assess the acceptability among stakeholders including those with anxiety disorders and healthcare providers. Results: Our DA provided information such as explanation of anxiety disorders, options of tapering or not tapering BZD anxiolytics (if tapering, the options of tapering BZD anxiolytics with or without CBT) for anxiety disorder, benefits and risks of each option, and a worksheet for value clarification. For patients (n = 21), the DA appeared to be acceptable language (86%), adequate information (81%), and well-balanced presentation (86%). The developed DA was also acceptable for healthcare providers (n = 10). Conclusion: We successfully created a DA for individuals with anxiety disorders who consider tapering BZD anxiolytics, which was acceptable for both patients and healthcare providers. Our DA was designed to assist patients and healthcare providers to involve decision-making about whether to taper BZD anxiolytics or not.
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| 48.
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Takaesu, Yoshikazu ; Sakurai, Hitoshi ; Aoki, Yumi ; Takeshima, Masahiro ; Ie, Kenya ; Matsui, Kentaro ; Utsumi, Tomohiro ; Shimura, Akiyoshi ; Okajima, Isa ; Kotorii, Nozomu ; Yamashita, Hidehisa ; Suzuki, Masahiro ; Kuriyama, Kenichi ; Shimizu, Eiji ; Mishima, Kazuo ; Watanabe, Koichiro ; Inada, Ken
概要:
Purpose: There is a lack of evidence regarding answers for clinical questions about treating insomnia disorder. This stu
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dy aimed to answer the following clinical questions: (1) how to use each hypnotic and non-pharmacological treatment differently depending on clinical situations and (2) how to reduce or stop benzodiazepine hypnotics using alternative pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatments. Methods: Experts were asked to evaluate treatment choices based on 10 clinical questions about insomnia disorder using a nine-point Likert scale (1 = “disagree” to 9 = “agree”). The responses of 196 experts were collected, and the answers were categorized into first-, second-, and third-line recommendations. Results: The primary pharmacological treatment, lemborexant (7.3 2.0), was categorized as a first-line recommendation for sleep initiation insomnia, and lemborexant (7.3 1.8) and suvorexant (6.8 1.8) were categorized as the first-line recommendations for sleep maintenance insomnia. Regarding nonpharmacological treatments for primary treatment, sleep hygiene education was categorized as the first-line recommendation for both sleep initiation (8.4 1.1) and maintenance insomnia (8.1 1.5), while multicomponent cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia was categorized as the second-line treatment for both sleep initiation (5.6 2.3) and maintenance insomnia (5.7 2.4). When reducing or discontinuing benzodiazepine hypnotics by switching to other medications, lemborexant (7.5 1.8) and suvorexant (6.9 1.9) were categorized as first-line recommendations. Conclusion: Expert consensus indicates that orexin receptor antagonists and sleep hygiene education are recommended as first-line treatments in most clinical situations to treat insomnia disorder.
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| 49.
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Ngoc B. Nguyen ; Nguyet T. M. Nguyen ; Nhai T. Nguyen ; Linh H. Le ; Nghia T. La ; Thuy T. T. Nguyen ; Mary Jeany Yanoria ; Hayashi, Nagao ; Saito, Hiroki ; Obara, Mitsuhiro ; Sato, Tadashi ; Fukuta, Yoshimichi
概要:
A unique genetic variation with respect to blast resistance was clarified in 201 rice accessions from Vietnam. These acc
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essions were classified into three clusters—A, B1, and B2—based on their reactions to 26 standard differential blast isolates selected in Vietnam. Cluster A was the dominant cultivar group in Vietnam and the most susceptible of the three clusters. Cluster B1 was the smallest group and the most resistant. Cluster B2 was the second-most dominant group and of intermediate resistance between clusters A and B1. The percentages of accessions comprising each cluster varied by region and area. Accessions in cluster A were distributed widely throughout Vietnam and had the highest frequencies in both the Central and North regions. Accessions in cluster B2 were found with highest frequencies in the mountainous and intermediate areas of the North region. Accessions in cluster B1 were found with highest frequencies in the Central region and Red River Delta area (North region). These results suggest that rice accessions in Vietnam were basically susceptible (cluster A) or of intermediate resistance (cluster B2), and that high-resistance cultivars were mainly distributed in the low altitude areas, such as the Red River Delta area and Central region.
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| 50.
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Inagawa, Michiyo ; Nakao, Tatsuma
概要:
Obtaining data from non-Western cultural contexts is essential for enhancing the crosscultural validity of attachment th
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eory. This study investigated the associations among maternal attachment style, maternal willingness to serve as an attachment figure, and children’s attachment security in middle childhood in Japan. Sample 1 included a nationwide web survey of 104 dyads of fifth and sixth graders and their mothers. Sample 2 included 53 dyads in an in-person questionnaire survey conducted in Kyoto. In both Samples 1 and 2, the results revealed (1) negative Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients between maternal attachment anxiety and children’s attachment security, (2) positive Pearson’s product-moment correlation coefficients between maternal willingness to serve as an attachment figure and children’s attachment security, and (3) negative Pearson’s product-moment correlation coefficients between maternal attachment anxiety and maternal willingness to serve as an attachment figure. Our data could enhance the cross-cultural validity of attachment in fifth and sixth graders, and suggest that the influence of maternal attachment styles on parental responsiveness changes in middle childhood.
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