※一部利用できない機能があります
| 1.
図書 |
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Jane Bottomley
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| 2.
図書 |
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Michael Dine
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| 3.
論文（リポジトリ） |
論文（リポジトリ）
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Katagiri, Takeshi ; Takaesu, Yoshikazu ; Kurihara, Mariko ; Oe, Yuki ; Ishii, Miho ; Onoda, Naoko ; Hayasaka, Tomonari ; Kanda, Yuta ; Imamura, Yayoi ; Watanabe, Koichiro
概要:
Patients with treatment-refractory depression (TRD) have significantly great losses in work productivity and employment.
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Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) is considered an approach for the treatment of TRD. However, the effectiveness of IPT in patients with TRD remains unclear. In this study, we report cases of TRD patients who underwent IPT after a detailed evaluation, along with their employment status. Of 112 patients who experienced 1-week examination administration for TRD at Kyorin University Hospital, which aimed to determine appropriate diagnosis and treatment approaches for each patient, four patients who met the criteria for major depressive disorder according to DSM-IV-TR and were determined suitable for IPT were included in this report. Two patients hadmoderate, one had mild, and one had remission levels of depressive symptoms according to the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale at the time of admission. All four patients completed the scheduled sessions of IPT (6–16 sessions) in the outpatient clinic and achieved remission. All four patients attained full-time employment within 6 months after receiving IPT. This study suggests that the appropriate selection of IPT might be effective for TRD patients, possibly leading to positive outcomes, including work productivity and employment status.
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| 4.
論文（リポジトリ） |
論文（リポジトリ）
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Iizasa, Ei'ichi ; Chuma, Yasushi ; Uematsu, Takayuki ; Kubota, Mio ; Kawaguchi, Hiroaki ; Umemura, Masayuki ; Toyonaga, Kenji ; Kiyohara, Hideyasu ; Yano, Ikuya ; Colonna, Marco ; Sugita, Masahiko ; Matsuzaki, Goro ; Yamasaki, Sho ; Yoshida, Hiroki ; Hara, Hiromitsu
概要:
Mycobacterial cell-wall glycolipids elicit an anti-mycobacterial immune response via FcRγ-associated C-type lectin recep
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tors, including Mincle, and caspase-recruitment domain family member 9 (CARD9). Additionally, mycobacteria harbor immuno-evasive cell-wall lipids associated with virulence and latency; however, a mechanism of action is unclear. Here, we show that the DAP12-associated triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) recognizes mycobacterial cell-wall mycolic acid (MA)-containing lipids and suggest a mechanism by which mycobacteria control host immunity via TREM2. Macrophages respond to glycosylated MA-containing lipids in a Mincle/FcRγ/CARD9-dependent manner to produce inflammatory cytokines and recruit inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)-positive mycobactericidal macrophages. Conversely, macrophages respond to non-glycosylated MAs in a TREM2/DAP12-dependent but CARD9-independent manner to recruit iNOS-negative mycobacterium-permissive macrophages. Furthermore, TREM2 deletion enhances Mincle-induced macrophage activation in vitro and inflammation in vivo and accelerates the elimination of mycobacterial infection, suggesting that TREM2-DAP12 signaling counteracts Mincle-FcRγ-CARD9-mediated anti-mycobacterial immunity. Mycobacteria, therefore, harness TREM2 for immune evasion. Download PDF
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| 5.
論文（リポジトリ） |
論文（リポジトリ）
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Inoue, Yuichi ; Takaesu, Yoshikazu ; Koebis, Michinori
概要:
Background: Although long-term use of benzodiazepines and benzodiazepine receptor agonists (BZDs) has been associated wi
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th an increased risk of dependence, the incidence, details of clinical manifestations, and triggering factors of withdrawal symptoms associated with long-term BZD use at common clinical doses remain unclear. Methods: In a multicenter, open-label study of 123 Japanese patients with insomnia, patients were given a common clinical dose of eszopiclone (2 mg) for 24 weeks, and then treatment was abruptly discontinued. Withdrawal symptoms were evaluated using the Benzodiazepine Hypnotics Withdrawal Symptom Scale (BHWSS). The Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) was used to rate insomnia severity during treatment and 2 weeks after discontinuation. Dependence and poor compliance during treatment without strict medication controls were evaluated with the Benzodiazepine Dependence Self Report Questionnaire short version (Bendep-SRQ SV) subscale sum scores for problematic use, preoccupation, and lack of compliance. Associations between the presence of clinically relevant withdrawal symptoms (BHWSS≥7) and demographic measures, ISI scores at Week 24, and Bendep-SRQ SV subscale sum scores were evaluated by multivariable stepwise logistic regression analyses. Results: Seventy-six patients completed treatment and 2 weeks of withdrawal; eight (10.5%) had clinically relevant withdrawal symptoms. On multiple logistic regression analysis, Bendep-SRQ SV subscale sum scores were correlated with withdrawal symptoms (odds ratio, 1.650; 95% confidence interval, 1.105–2.464; p = 0.014). Exacerbation of postdiscontinuation insomnia was not significantly different between patients who showed clinically relevant withdrawal symptoms and those who did not (p = 0.245). Conclusions: Dependence and poor compliance may contribute to withdrawal symptoms with long-term BZD use. Providing guidance to ensure proper compliance is thought to be the best way to mitigate withdrawal symptoms.
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その他 |
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Ginoza, Ayano
概要:
その他
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| 7.
論文（リポジトリ） |
論文（リポジトリ）
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Grydehøj, Adam
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論文
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| 8.
論文（リポジトリ） |
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Papoutsaki, Evangelia ; Kuwahara, Sueo
概要:
In this photo essay, we take you on a visual journey to Akina Village in Amami Ōshima, Japan, through the work of Futosh
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i Hamada, an award-winning island photographer and ecologist. Based on the artist’s Mura (2001) photographic work that documented the natural cycle of the village’s rice cultivation and the harvest festivals associated with it, we aim to explore the concept of the island’s ecocultural identity as it manifests through the artist’s and the community’s unique connection with the island nature and culture. As Akina is the last remaining village on the island where rice cultivation is still taking place, and linked to the harvest festivals, the visual documentation of these practices provides us a rare glimpse into what was once an integral part of Amami’s natural, socio-cultural, and spiritual/animistic islandscape before sugarcane was imposed on the islanders by mainland Japanese agricultural interventions and impositions.
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| 9.
論文（リポジトリ） |
論文（リポジトリ）
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Toyoda, Yukiko ; Gabe, Masaaki
概要:
The Nixon administration tried to limit textile imports from Japan to protect the US industry. In return, the US would a
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gree to return the administrative rights of the Ryukyu Islands, including Okinawa. This stood as the most important agenda item for the Sato administration in Japan. To get such a textile concession agreement from the Japanese, US offi cials had considered refusing to sign the Okinawa Reversion Treaty or to return the Senkaku Islands. However, Nixon and his advisors opposed those options since they were afraid that a confrontation over trade would spill over into defense and other security issues. Linkages among different issue areas, such as trade and security, tend to be precarious since the leverage obtained could be unclear, and various repercussions might be diffi cult to measure. When one country attempts to solve its domestic issues by linking them to other sensitive topics, domestic opposition might disrupt negotiation of the agreement or cause it to be rescinded.
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| 10.
論文（リポジトリ） |
論文（リポジトリ）
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Iwama, Daniel
概要:
The repurposing of former military land is essential to the constant reformations of the US military’s immense footprint
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in Okinawa. The local forms of land-use planning that guide these conversions remain infl uenced by the land rent-structure that emerged out of the militarized colonial settlement of the postwar decade and the uprisings it inspired. In this article, I ask how colonial dispossession in militarized contexts shapes urban planning processes and outcomes for closed military sites. Using qualitative research in Central Okinawa, I argue that planning goals seeking to restore public access to demilitarized sites are hindered where there is a predominance of private property claims to base land. This work contributes to an understanding of planning’s colonial formations, especially as they operate through militarism, and deepens our understanding of the range of considerations that planners must make when approaching the redevelopment of militarized land in indigenous places.
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| 11.
論文（リポジトリ） |
論文（リポジトリ）
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Mori, Keisuke
概要:
論文
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| 12.
論文（リポジトリ） |
論文（リポジトリ）
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Tanaka, Shō
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論文
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| 13.
論文（リポジトリ） |
論文（リポジトリ）
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Okazawa-Rey, Margo ; Takazato, Suzuyo ; Natividad, Lisa Linda ; Ginoza, Ayano ; Compoc, Kim
概要:
論文
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| 14.
論文（リポジトリ） |
論文（リポジトリ）
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Kina, Ikue
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論文
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その他
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その他
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| 17.
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その他
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| 18.
学位論文（リポジトリ） |
学位
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Omine, Takuya ; 大嶺, 卓也
概要:
学位論文
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| 19.
論文（リポジトリ） |
論文（リポジトリ）
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Maeda, Takahiro
概要:
紀要論文
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| 20.
論文（リポジトリ） |
論文（リポジトリ）
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Kondo, Yutaka ; Fukuda, Tatsuma ; Uchimido, Ryo ; Kashiura, Masahiro ; Kato, Soichiro ; Sekiguchi, Hiroshi ; Zamami, Yoshito ; Hifumi, Toru ; Hayashida, Kei
概要:
Background: Advanced Life Support (ALS) is regarded to be associated with improved survival in pre-hospital trauma care
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when compared to Basic Life Support (BLS) irrespective of lack of evidence. The aim of this study is to ascertain ALS improves survival for trauma in prehospital settings when compared to BLS.\nMethods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for published controlled trials (CTs), and observational studies that were published until Aug 2017. The population of interest were adults (>18 years old) trauma patients who were transported by ground transportation and required resuscitation in prehospital settings. We compared outcomes between the ALS and BLS groups. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality and secondary outcomes were neurological outcome and time spent on scene.\nResults: We identified 2,502 studies from various databases and 10 studies were included in the analysis (two CTs, and eight observational studies). The outcomes were not statistically significant between the ALS and BLS groups (pooled OR 1.14; 95% CI 0.95 to 1.36 for mortality, pooled OR 1.12; 95% CI 0.88 to 1.42 for good neurological outcomes, pooled mean difference −0.96; 95% CI−6.64 to 4.72 for on-scene time) in CTs. In observational studies, ALS prolonged on-scene time and increased mortality (pooled OR 1.56; 95% CI: 1.31 to 1.86 for mortality, and pooled mean difference, 1.26; 95% CI: 0.07 to 2.45 for on-scene time).
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| 21.
学位論文（リポジトリ） |
学位
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Mandagi, Ixchel Feibie
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学位論文
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| 22.
学位論文（リポジトリ） |
学位
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Udagawa, Shingo ; 宇田川, 伸吾
概要:
学位論文
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| 23.
学位論文（リポジトリ） |
学位
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Kise, Hiroki ; 喜瀬, 浩輝
概要:
学位論文
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| 24.
学位論文（リポジトリ） |
学位
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Kushida, Yuka ; 櫛田, 優花
概要:
学位論文
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| 25.
学位論文（リポジトリ） |
学位
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25. Elucidation of lunar-synchronized spawning mechanism in tropical grouper fish, Epinephelus merra
Fukunaga, Kodai ; 福永, 耕大
概要:
学位論文
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| 26.
学位論文（リポジトリ） |
学位
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26. The symbiotic system created by interactions among host sea anemones, anemonefish，and other fish
Hayashi, Kina ; 林, 希奈
概要:
学位論文
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| 27.
学位論文（リポジトリ） |
学位
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Nakamura, Rie ; 仲村, 理恵
概要:
学位論文
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| 28.
学位論文（リポジトリ） |
学位
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Maruyama, Nobuyuki ; 丸山, 修幸
概要:
学位論文
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| 29.
学位論文（リポジトリ） |
学位
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Hirai, Jun ; 平井, 潤
概要:
学位論文
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| 30.
学位論文（リポジトリ） |
学位
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Ishikawa, Kazuki ; 石川, 和樹
概要:
学位論文
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| 31.
学位論文（リポジトリ） |
学位
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Mohammad Zahid, NOORI
概要:
学位論文
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| 32.
学位論文（リポジトリ） |
学位
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Tonmitr, Norrawit
概要:
学位論文
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| 33.
学位論文（リポジトリ） |
学位
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Rahman, S.M. Moshiar
概要:
学位論文
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| 34.
学位論文（リポジトリ） |
学位
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Phauk, Sokkhey
概要:
学位論文
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| 35.
論文（リポジトリ） |
論文（リポジトリ）
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Hayasaka, Tomonari ; Takaesu, Yoshikazu ; Nagashima, Izumi ; Futada, Miku ; Nozaki, Kazuhiro ; Katagiri, Takeshi ; Imamura, Yayoi ; Kurihara, Mariko ; Oe, Yuki ; Tsuboi, Takashi ; Watanabe, Koichiro
概要:
Objective: Mood disorders cause significant work performance disability in sufferers and often lead to adverse employmen
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t outcomes in working individuals. The aim of this study was to explore factors associated with time to achieve employment through the occupational support program (OSP) for patients with mood disorders. Methods: The participants were patients admitted to the Kyorin university hospital from April 2016 to April 2019. Patients who met the criteria for major depressive disorder and depressive episode of bipolar I or II disorder according to DSM-5 and participated in the occupational therapy-based OSP for at least three sessions (one course) were included in this study. We collected demographic and clinical variables at the baseline of this study through medical records and OSP records; the variables included age, gender, diagnosis, scores of Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology and Global Assessment of Functioning, the number of times of participation in the OSP, word count of the transcription task in the OSP, typographical deficiency, fatigue status and mood status after the OSP. The primary outcome was set as the time to achieve the employment within 1 year after the discharge. Results: Of the 211 patients who participated in the OSP during the survey period, 49 participants met the criteria in this study. The results showed that 14 patients achieved and the other 35 patients did not achieve the employment within 1 year of discharge from the hospital. A multivariate cox regression analysis revealed that the word count of the transcription task in the OSP (HR = 1.03, 95% CI = 1.01–1.05, p = 0.016) and mood status after the OSP (HR = 2.77, 95% CI = 1.18–6.51, p = 0.019) were significantly associated with time to achieve the employment. Conclusion: In conclusion, this study suggested that work speed and mood response in the OSP could be significant predictors for achieving employment in patients with mood disorders.
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| 36.
論文（リポジトリ） |
論文（リポジトリ）
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Katahira, Hirotaka ; Shimose, Tamaki ; Kanaiwa, Minoru ; 片平, 浩孝 ; 下瀬, 環 ; 金岩, 稔
概要:
Encysted metacercariae of a poorly investigated digenean, Scaphanocephalus adamsi, are commonly found on fins and under
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scales of coastal marine fishes in the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan. We here report its host range, focusing on commercial fishes landed at the Yaeyama Fisheries Cooperative of Ishigaki Island. During the study period from February 2017 to May 2018, metacercariae were recovered from four species of goatfishes (Mullidae spp.) and 14 species of parrotfishes (Scaridae spp.), with new host records for four species. Since metacercaria infection decreases the rating of fish prices in local fishery cooperatives due to their poor appearance, the occurrence conditions in newly recognized hosts should be evaluated to help protect commercial values.
吸虫の一種Scaphanocephalus adamsiは, フィリピン周辺および琉球列島沿岸に生息する海産魚類のヒレや鱗下に被嚢幼虫(メタセルカリア)として寄生する. 市場に並ぶ水産魚種への寄生も日常的に確認されるため，宿主範囲を含めた情報の蓄積が求められる. そこで本稿では, 八重山漁協において被嚢幼虫が認められたヒメジ類およびブダイ類を報告する. 2017年2月から2018年5月までの間に, ４種のヒメジ科魚類および14種のブダイ科魚類から本種幼虫が得られ, 4種が新宿主記録に該当することが明らかとなった. 被嚢幼虫の存在は魚価低下の一要因であるため, 各宿主魚類における寄生条件を明らかにし, 価格安定へ向けた取り組みがなされる必要がある. 論文 続きを見る |
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| 37.
論文（リポジトリ） |
論文（リポジトリ）
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Reimer, James Davis ; ライマー, ジェイムズ D.
概要:
During a recent ecological survey of the reefs of Iwotorishima Island in the Ryukyu Islands, three species of zoantharia
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ns were noted. Past knowledge of zoantharians from this island is sparse, and only one species has previously been reported; Palythoa tuberculosa. In our survey, we also noted Palythoa tuberculosa, along with two other zoantharian species recorded for the first time from this island (Palythoa mutuki and Zoanthus sansibaricus).
硫黄鳥島におけるスナギンチャク類の過去の記録はPalythoa tuberculosaイワスナギンチャク1種と少ない. 最近実施したサンゴ礁生態調査において,イワスナギンチャクに加え, 硫黄鳥島初記録となるPalythoa mutuki とZoanthus sansibaricusキクマメスナギンチャクも記録した. 論文 続きを見る |
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| 38.
論文（リポジトリ） |
論文（リポジトリ）
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Miyamoto, Kei ; Matsunuma, Mizuki ; Takano, Haruka ; Hanahara, Nozomi ; Matsuzaki, Syohei ; 宮本, 圭 ; 松沼, 瑞樹 ; 髙野, はるか ; 花原, 望 ; 松崎, 章平
概要:
A single individual of Minous groeneveldi Matsunuma & Motomura, 2018 (75.3 mm standard length) was collected from Okinaw
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a-jima Island, southern Japan, and is being reared at the Okinawa Churaumi Aquarium (as of 10 Mar. 2021). No record of this species is known other than the original description, which was based only on the holotype and underwater photographs from Indonesia. This is the second record of the species, which provides additional information regarding the morphology, distribution, and ecology of this species.
沖縄県安田沖よりフサカサゴ科のMinous groeneveldi Matsunuma & Motomura, 2018が1個体採集され, 2021年3月10日現在, 沖縄美ら海水族館で飼育されている. 本種はインドネシア産の1標本に基づき記載されたが，それ以降報告のない稀種である. ここでは飼育個体の詳細な観察に基づき, その形態および飼育下で観察された生態を記載する. これは本種の2番目の記録であると同時に日本海域からの初記録であるため, 新標準和名“アダヒメオコゼ”を提唱する. 論文 続きを見る |
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| 39.
学位論文（リポジトリ） |
学位
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Kataoka, Keiichi ; 片岡, 恵一
概要:
学位論文
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| 40.
論文（リポジトリ） |
論文（リポジトリ）
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Takakura, Minoru ; Miyagi, Masaya ; Kyan, Akira
概要:
Background:Smoking among Japanese adolescents has decreased noticeably. However, little is known whether the decreasing
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trend in adolescent smoking can be seen across all socioeconomic status (SES) groups. This study aimed to examine trends in socioeconomic inequalities in smoking among Japanese adolescents between 2008 and 2016.\nMethods:We conducted a repeated cross-sectional study using data from three surveys of high school students in Okinawa, Japan, in 2008, 2012, and 2016. The study participants consisted of 7902 students in grades 10 through 12 (15–18 years). Smoking was assessed as current cigarette use. SES indicators included familial SES (parental education and family structure) and student’s own SES (school type). To evaluate absolute and relative inequalities, prevalence differences (PDs) and ratios (PRs) between low and high SES groups were estimated. The slope index of inequality (SII) and relative index of inequality (RII) were also calculated.\nResults:Smoking prevalence among boys and girls significantly declined from 11.5% and 6.2% in 2008 to 4.7% and 1.9% in 2016, respectively. Similar decreasing trends in smoking were found among most of the SES groups. The PDs and SII for parental education in boys and family structure in girls decreased over time while those for school type persisted among boys and girls. The PRs and RII for school type in boys increased while those for other SES indicators among both sexes remained stable over time.\nConclusions:Smoking among Japanese adolescents has been declining and time trends of socioeconomic inequalities in smoking varied by absolute and relative measures. Further policies and/or interventions to reduce smoking inequalities should focus on the context of schools, especially in vocational high schools.
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| 41.
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論文（リポジトリ）
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Masrur, Hasan ; Konneh, Keifa Vamba ; Ahmadi, Mikaeel ; Khan, Kaisar R. ; Othman, Mohammad Lutfi ; Senjyu, Tomonobu
概要:
Photovoltaic (PV) systems encounter substantial losses throughout their lifespan due to the different derating factors o
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f PV modules. Those factors mainly vary according to the geographical location and PV panel characteristics. However, the available literature does not explicitly concentrate on the technical and economic impact of the derating factors within the PV system. Owing to that necessity, this study performs a comprehensive analysis of various PV loss parameters followed by a techno-economic assessment of derating factors using the average value on a grid-connected and optimally tilted PV system located in Hatiya, Bangladesh. Some criteria linked to the derating factors such as PV degradation and ambient temperature are further explored to analyze their impact on the aforementioned power system. Simulation results show that PV power generation would vary around 12% annually, subject to a 10% variation in the derating factor. Again, a 10% difference in the derating factor changes the net present cost (NPC) by around 3% to 4%. The system provides the best technical performance concerning annual PV production, power trade with the grid, and the renewable fraction at a higher value of the derating factor since it represents a lower impact of the loss parameters. Similarly, the financial performance in terms of the NPC, levelized cost of energy (LCOE), and grid power exchange cost is found to be lower when the derating factor value is higher.
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| 42.
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Saito, Hiroki ; Fukuta, Yoshimichi ; Obara, Mitsuhiro ; Tomita, Asami ; Ishimaru, Tsutomu ; Sasaki, Kazuhiro ; Fujita, Daisuke ; Kobayashi, Nobuya
概要:
Background: The harvest index (HI) is a measure of the biological success of forming harvestable products. However, our understanding of the genetic basis of HI in rice (Oryza sativa L.) is limited, because it is a complex trait
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consisting of various yield-related traits and physiological attributes. YTH183 is a high-yielding line with large panicles and high HI derived from a cross between the Indica Group variety IR 64 and the NPT line IR 69093-41-2-3- 2 (YP5). Results: Here, we detected two novel QTLs for HI, designated qHI5.1 on chromosome 5 and qHI8.1 on chromosome 8, by using 155 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from the cross between IR 64 and YTH183. The YTH183 allele at qHI5.1 contributed to a wide grain, resulting in heavy grain weight and panicle weight, and was consistently effective under the different environmental conditions of subtropical (Ishigaki) and temperate (Tsukuba) regions. Genetic polymorphism revealed that qHI5.1 was identical to GSE5/GW5, which is known to control the grain weight. On the other hand, although qHI8.1 functioned additively with qHI5.1 for higher HI, it did not show any significant effect on grain or panicle weight. In addition, its effects on HI were shown only in the first seasons at Ishigaki but not at Tsukuba or in the second season at Ishigaki. Conclusion: Our results indicate that qHI5.1 controls the grain size, regardless of whether environmental conditions are of subtropical or temperate regions, while qHI8.1 might be involved in controlling the physiological processes of source ability or the translocation of photosynthesis products from vegetative organs to grains depending on environmental conditions during the maturing stage. These QTLs will be useful genetic resources for future breeding programs to break through the ceiling of maximum yield in Indica Group varieties.
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| 43.
論文（リポジトリ） |
論文（リポジトリ）
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Kadeawi, Santoso ; Swaruno ; Nasution, Anggiani ; Hairmansis, Aris ; Telebanco-Yanoria, Mary Jeanie ; Obara, Mitsuhiro
概要:
A total of 201 isolates ofPyricularia oryzae(the causal agent of rice blast)were collected from three rice ecosystems (upland, lowland, and swampy)in five regions of Indonesia (West Java, Lampung, South Sumatra, Kali-mantan, and Bali).
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Their pathogenicities were characterized based on thepatterns of reaction of 25 differential varieties (DVs) and the susceptiblecontrol Lijiangxintuanheigu (LTH), which was susceptible to all blast iso-lates. A high proportion of isolates (>80.0%) were virulent to DVs for re-sistance genesPib,Pit,Pia,Pik-s,andPi12(t), and a low proportion ofisolates (<12.9%) were virulent to DVs forPik-m,Pi1,Pik-h,Pik,Pik-p,andPi7(t). Virulence to the other DVs forPish,Pii,Pi3,Pi5(t),Pi9(t),Piz,Piz-5,Piz-t,Pita-2(two lines),Pita(two lines),Pi19(t), andPi20(t)showed intermediate frequencies from 20.0 to 80.0%. These isolates wereclassified into three cluster groups, Ia, Ib, and II, and the frequencies ofcluster groups varied between the three ecosystems and the five regions.The frequencies of cluster groups varied between ecosystems and regions,and races varied according to the ecosystems. A total of 27 standard differ-ential blast isolates (SDBIs) were selected from the 201 isolates collected.The set of 25 DVs and these 27 SDBIs will be used as a new differentialsystem for analysis of the pathogenicity of blast isolates and analysis of re-sistance genes in rice cultivars, which will contribute to building a durableprotection system against blast disease in Indonesia.
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| 44.
論文（リポジトリ） |
論文（リポジトリ）
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Owen, Kylie ; Saeki, Kentaro ; Warren, D. Joseph ; Bocconcelli, Alessandro ; Wiley, N. David ; Ohira, Shin-Ichi ; Bombosch, Annette ; Toda, Kei ; Zitterbart, P. Daniel
概要:
Finding prey is essential to survival, with marine predators hypothesised to track chemicals such as dimethyl sulfide (DMS) while foraging. Many predators are attracted to artificially released DMS, and laboratory experiments have
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shown that zooplankton grazing on phyto-plankton accelerates DMS release. However, whether natural DMS concentrations are useful for predators and correlated to areas of high prey biomass remains a fundamental knowledge gap. Here, we used concurrent hydroacoustic surveys and in situ DMS measurements to present evidence that zooplankton biomass is spatially correlated to natural DMS concentration in air and seawater. Using agent simulations, we also show that following gradients of DMS would lead zooplankton predators to areas of higher prey biomass than swimming randomly. Further understanding of the conditions and scales over which these gradients occur, and how they are used by predators, is essential to predicting the impact of future changes in the ocean on predator foraging success.
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| 45.
学位論文（リポジトリ） |
学位
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Agena, Shinya ; 安慶名, 信也
概要:
学位論文
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| 46.
論文（リポジトリ） |
論文（リポジトリ）
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Agampodi Mendis, Radeesha Laknath ; Sekimoto, Atsushi ; Okano, Yasunori ; Minakuchi, Hisashi ; Dost, Sadik
概要:
The effect of solutal Marangoni convection on flow instabilities in the presence of thermal Marangoni convection in a Si
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-Ge liquid bridge with different aspect ratios A_s has been investigated by three-dimensional (3D) numerical simulations under zero gravity. We consider a half-zone model of a liquid bridge between a cold (top plane) and a hot (bottom plane) disks. The highest Si concentration is on the top of the liquid bridge. The aspect ratio (A_s) drastically affects the critical Marangoni numbers: the critical solutal Marangoni number (under small thermal Marangoni numbers (Ma_TA_s<_~1800)) has the same dependence on As as the critical thermal Marangoni number (under small solutal Marangoni numbers (400<_~Ma_CA_s<_~800)), i.e., it decreases with increasing A_s. The azimuthal wavenumber of the traveling wave mode increases as decreasing A_s, i.e., larger azimuthal wavenumbers (m=6,7,11,12, and 13) appear for A_s=0.25, and only m=2 appears when A_s is one and larger. The oscillatory modes of the hydro waves have been extracted as the spatiotemporal structures by using dynamic mode decomposition (DMD). The present study suggests a proper parameter region of quiescent steady flow suitable for crystal growth for smaller aspect ratios of the liquid bridge.
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| 47.
論文（リポジトリ） |
論文（リポジトリ）
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Takeshima, Masahiro ; Otsubo, Tempei ; Funada, Daisuke ; Murakami, Maki ; Usami, Takashi ; Maeda, Yoshihiro ; Yamamoto, Taisuke ; Matsumoto, Toshihiko ; Shimane, Takuya ; Aoki, Yumi ; Otowa, Takeshi ; Tani, Masayuki ; Yamanaka, Gaku ; Sakai, Yojiro ; Murao, Tomohiko ; Inada, Ken ; Yamada, Hiroki ; Kikuchi, Toshiaki ; Sasaki, Tsukasa ; Watanabe, Norio ; Mishima, Kazuo ; Takaesu, Yoshikazu
概要:
Long-term use of benzodiazepines (BZD) is not recommended for the treatment of anxiety disorders. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment option for discontinuation of BZD in patients with anxiety disorders. This
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systematic review and meta-analysis sought to clarify whether CBT is effective for discontinuing BZD anxiolytics in patients with anxiety disorders. This study was preregistered with PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42019125263). A literature search of major electronic databases was conducted in December 2018. Three randomized controlled trials were included in this review, and meta-analyses were performed. The proportion of discontinuing BZD anxiolytics was significantly higher in the CBT plus gradual tapering group than in the gradual tapering alone group, both in the short term (3 months after allocation; number needed to treat: 3.2, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.1 to 7.1; risk ratio: 1.96, 95%CI: 1.29 to 2.98, P = 0.002, three studies) and long term (6 to 12 months after allocation; number needed to treat: 2.8, 95%CI: 1.9 to 5.3; risk ratio: 2.16, 95%CI: 1.41 to 3.32, P = 0.0004, three studies). CBT may be effective for discontinuing BZD anxiolytics, both in the short term and in the long term after the allocation. Further studies with larger sample sizes are necessary to draw definitive conclusions regarding the efficacy and safety of CBT for discontinuing BZD anxiolytics in patients with anxiety disorders.
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| 48.
論文（リポジトリ） |
論文（リポジトリ）
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Noguchi, Yuko ; Nonaka, Daisuke ; Kounnavong, Sengchanh ; Kobayashi, Jun
概要:
Diarrhea is a leading cause of death among children under five (U5) in Lao People’s Democratic Republic (PDR). This stud
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y assessed the association between the presence of household hand-washing facilities with water and soap and diarrhea episodes among children U5 in Lao PDR. Data from the Lao Social Indicator Survey II were used. The outcome variable was diarrhea episodes in the two weeks preceding the survey. The main predictor variable was the presence of household hand-washing facilities with or without water and/or soap. Mixed-effect logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association, controlling for clustering, and other predictor variables. Of the 8640 households surveyed with 11,404 children, 49.1% possessed hand-washing facilities with both water and soap and 34.7% possessed hand-washing facilities with water alone. Children whose households possessed hand-washing facilities with water alone were significantly more likely to have a diarrhea episode compared to children whose households possessed hand-washing facilities with both water and soap (8.1% vs. 5.9%; odds ratio, 1.49; 95% confidence interval, 1.22–1.81). The association remained significant even after adjusting for other predictors. The absence of soap in hand-washing facilities was associated with higher odds of having a diarrhea episode among children U5 in Lao PDR.
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| 49.
論文（リポジトリ） |
論文（リポジトリ）
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Nakamura, Hideta ; Ouchi, Gen ; Miyagi, Kazuya ; Higure, Yuuri ; Otsuki, Mariko ; Nishiyama, Naoya ; Kinjo, Takeshi ; Nakamatsu, Masashi ; Tateyama, Masao ; Kukita, Ichiro ; Fujita, Jiro
概要:
Anticoagulation plays a major role in reducing the risk of systematic thrombosis in patients with severe COVID-19. Serious hemorrhagic complications, such as intracranial hemorrhage, have also been recognized. However, intra-abdominal
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hemorrhage is under-recognized because of its rare occurrence, despite high mortality. Here, we discuss two cases of spontaneous iliopsoas hematoma (IPH) likely caused by anticoagulants during the clinical course of COVID-19. We also explored published case reports to identify clinical characteristics of IPH in COVID-19 patients. The use of anticoagulants may increase the risk of lethal IPH among COVID-19 patients becsuse of scarce data on optimal dosage and adequate monitoring of anticoagulant effects. Rapid diagnosis and timely intervention are crucial to ensure good patient outcomes.
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| 50.
図書 |
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edited by Gino Cattani ... [et al.]
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