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| 1.
論文（リポジトリ） |
論文（リポジトリ）
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金城, 尚美 ; 渡真利, 聖子 ; Kinjo, Naomi ; Tomari, Seiko
概要:
国の施策による留学生の増加により、日本に来る留学生の背景が多様化している。また日本という異文化の環境におかれ心身に不調をきたす留学生も少なくない。そのため、より充実した支援が求められている。本稿では特に精神的な面で問題を抱える留学生について
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どのようなサポートを行ったのか事例を報告し、指導教員の役割について考察した。その結果、留学生の個人情報の保護に配慮しつつ、関係教職員、専門家、友人を含めた関係者との連携と恊働によるサポート態勢の必要性が浮き彫りになった。さらに連携と協力、適切な支援のためには指導教員がキーパーソンとなり「つなぐ」という役割が重要であることがわかった。
By Japanese government’s policy to increase the number of international students, many students with various backgrounds have visited Japan to study Japanese language and culture. However, some of them have physical and mental problems because of being in Japan, whose culture is so different from theirs, and it is very important to support such students. This paper reports what kind of supports we have provided to the students in the University of the Ryukyus, and considers the roles of student advisers. Through the experience which supported a student with mental problems, the adviser for international students, whom we focuses on in this paper, has recognized the necessity and importance of a key person who connects the student in problem with a psychological counselor, his/her friends, teachers, staffs of the university and a psychiatrist. Further more, the class activity to interview to a psychological counselor as a guest speaker was so effective that the foreign students in the class appreciated the counselor and that the foreign students were motivated to contact the counselor. 本論文は「九州地区国立大学教育系・文系研究論文集」Vol.3, No.2(2016/3）に査読を経て受理された。 論文 続きを見る |
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| 2.
論文（リポジトリ） |
論文（リポジトリ）
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山元, 淑乃 ; 金城, 尚美 ; Yamamoto, Yoshino ; Kinjo, Naomi
概要:
本研究は、ハワイ在住の沖縄県系人に焦点を当て、日本語学習意欲と学習目的、留学に対する意識、沖縄文化に対する関心度を調査することにより、沖縄県系人にとっての日本語学習ニーズ、継承言語または外国語としての日本語学習の位置づけ、沖縄文化に対する興
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味と留学希望との係わりを明らかにし、沖縄県系人の沖縄留学促進のための課題を探った。アンケート調査により、世代の推移に伴い日本語運用能力の低下がみられる反面、日本語学習や沖縄留学に対する意欲は若い世代の方が高くなる傾向があるという結果が得られるとともに、今後の沖縄留学促進に向けた課題が浮き彫りになった。
This paper examines the motivations and purposes of Okinawan descendants in Hawaii to learn the language and culture of Okinawa and Japan in correlation with their level of Japanese language proficiency and generational differentiation. The analytic results of the questionnaire survey reflected several interesting aspects of Okinawan descendants' motivation. Despite the younger generations of Okinawan descendants having a lower level of Japanese language proficiency as compared with the older generations, the younger generations show higher motivations in learning the Japanese language. We also consider the reason why the number of Okinawan descendants who come to study in Okinawa has recently decreased and a way to promote students' exchange between Okinawa and Hawaii. 紀要論文 続きを見る |
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| 3.
論文（リポジトリ） |
論文（リポジトリ）
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新城, 直樹 ; 渡真利, 聖子 ; 金城, 尚美 ; Arashiro, Naoki ; Tomari, Seiko ; Kinjo, Naomi
概要:
紀要論文
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| 4.
その他 |
その他
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金城, 尚美 ; Kinjo, Naomi
概要:
その他
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| 5.
論文（リポジトリ） |
論文（リポジトリ）
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金城, 尚美 ; 翁長, 志保子 ; 与那城, 美帆 ; Kinjo, Naomi ; Onaga, Shihoko ; Yonashiro, Miho
概要:
本研究は，原因・理由を表す「ため」について，中級レベルの日本語学習者の使用実態を把握し，学習者の「ため」の運用上の困難点および指導上の問題点を明らかにすることを目的とする。まず中級日本語学習者の作文などから「ため」の使用頻度を調べた結果，「
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ため」の使用例が少ないことがわかった。次に原因・理由が含まれる文章を使ったテスト形式の調査を日本語学習者と日本人学生に実施した。その結果，日本人学生が「ため」の使用率が高い文章において，日本語学習者は「ため」の使用率が低い傾向がみられた。さらに，インタビュー調査を実施した結果，正答率の高い学習者は原因・理由を表す「ため」の使い分けを意識していることがわかった。また教科書を調べたところ，「ため」の教科書での提示の有無，提示位置や説明の仕方が学習者の「ため」の使用率の低さに影響を与えている可能性があることを示唆する結果が得られた。
紀要論文 続きを見る |
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| 6.
論文（リポジトリ） |
論文（リポジトリ）
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金城, 尚美 ; Kinjo, Naomi
概要:
日本人または日本人学生と留学生に教育的な交流の場を提供し，参加者相互の異文化理解を促進する教育実践がさまざまな形で行われているが，その意義と効果を明らかにする実証的な研究の蓄積は少ないことが指摘されている（岩井2006)。そこで本研究では，
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小学校で行った６年生（３２名）と留学生（１３人）の交流活動の事前と事後に調査を行い，小学生の留学生に対するイメージの変化と，異文化を受容する態度の変化を調査し検証した。その結果，留学生に対するイメージの変化と異文化受容態度の変化に統計的に有意な差が現れ異文化理解を目的とした教育の効果が示された。また留学生との交流前に手紙の交換，ビデオ・レターの交換，質問交換などの事前のやり取りを通し，小学生が留学生と交流することについて感じている不安を軽減することができ，交流活動がより円滑に進められることがわかった。この結果から，交流会前のやり取りの重要性が示唆された。
The purpose of this study is to investigate educational effects of an intercultural exchange program between Japanese elementary school students and university foreign students. Thirty two elementary school students participated in this exchange program. They were asked to answer questionnaires before and after the exchange activities with foreign students. The results show statistically significant differences between the pre-questionnaire and the post-questionnaire. It is found that their initial image toward foreign students has changed to higher levels and their acceptance level of different cultures became higher than before the exchange. These results indicate that an intercultural exchange program contributes to intercultural understanding. 紀要論文 続きを見る |
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| 7.
その他 |
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金城, 尚美 ; Kinjo, Naomi
概要:
その他
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| 8.
図書 |
図書
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金城尚美研究代表
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| 9.
論文（リポジトリ） |
論文（リポジトリ）
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金城, 尚美 ; 玉城, あゆみ ; 中西, 朝子 ; Kinjo, Naomi ; Tamaki, Ayumi ; Nakanishi, Asako
概要:
杉戸（2005等）は「日常われわれが行っている言語活動の中では『配慮』を常に行っており，その対人的な配慮は『メタ言語行動表現』の明示により示される」（杉戸 1998）と述べている。相手への配慮を示すことがよい対人関係を築くために必要な要素の
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１つであるとすれば，円滑な対人関係を築いている学習者は相手への配慮を適切に行っていることになる。具体的にはメタ言語行動表現を適切に使用していると考えることができる。そこで本研究では「言語行動における配慮」（杉戸 2001等）という観点から，円滑な人間関係を築いている日本語非母語話者の発話データを基に「メタ言語行動表現」が使用されているかを調査した。その結果，「メタ言語行動表現」の使用実態が明らかになり，また，「意識的配慮」（一二三 1995等）も行っている様子も観察された。これらのことから，「メタ言語行動表現」の使用と「意識的配慮」が日本語非母語話者の印象の良し悪しを決める要素になっている可能性があり，円滑なコミュニケーションの遂行に大きく関わっているのではないかということが示唆された。
Linguistic behaviors expressed verbally differ across languages and cultures. In Japanese there are some conversation rules in language use. It should be assumed, then, that when a nonnative speaker of Japanese has a conversation with a native speaker, such rules are applied in order to communicate successfully. Sugito (2005) pointed out that particular linguistic forms or expressions are used based on consideration for the conversation partner and they are presented in terms of communicative functions. Following Sugito, we believe that communicative competence includes speakers' ability to use those particular linguistic forms or expressions appropriately as a part of conversation rules. The purpose of this study is to clarify what kinds of conversation rules nonnative speakers use to communicate with native speakers. To collect data we interviewed nonnative speakers who have high-level commands of Japanese. The results show that communicative competence, namely what verbal expressions are used in what situation as conversation rules and other social-cultural behaviors such as modesty and tact, is an indispensable skill to communicate with native speakers successfully. 紀要論文 続きを見る |
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| 10.
論文（リポジトリ） |
論文（リポジトリ）
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金城, 尚美 ; 元山, 由美子 ; 肖, 婿 ; Kinjo, Naomi ; Motoyama, Yumiko ; Xiao, Jing
概要:
学習者は各自の環境と相互作用を行いながら学んでいるという事実があるのにも関わらず，教師は教室外での学習者と環境の相互作用についてはあまり注意を払ってこなかったことが指摘され（浜田2004b)，研究が始められている。学習環境は学習者によって異
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なり，その環境との相互作用も異なるものである。また同じ学習者でも時間の経過や日本語運用力の向上などの変化に伴って相互作用も変化していることが報告されている（浜田2004c)。本研究では時間の経過や日本語運用力の向上と共に，居住地の移動や身分が変わることによる環境の変化を経験した３人の学習者を対象に，調査を実施した。調査対象者は国籍，学部生という身分，私費留学生という経済的事情，日本語力などの共通した背景をもっている学習者であったが，対人的な環境，非対人的な環境との相互作用など異なる実態が明らかになった。また調査結果から環境との相互作用に関わる要因が浮かび上がった。
It is self-evident that language learners interact with their learning environments in the process of learning. However teachers tend to ignore the\nperiods their students spend outside the classroom. The neglect of this area has been the focus of recent research which has indicated that each student's learning environment is unique. The following study seeks to explore this hypothesis by examining three learners who have experienced a change of environment by living in different places and/or changing their social situation. Each shared the same nationality, the status of being self-financing university students and a similar level of Japanese. Yet results of the study indicate that the interaction between each individual' s interpersonal environment and non-interpersonal environments were quite different. This indicates that further study of the interaction between learners and the environment outside the classroom is important in developing an understanding of individual learners' language acquisition processes. 紀要論文 続きを見る |
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| 11.
図書 |
図書
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金城尚美研究代表
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| 12.
論文（リポジトリ） |
論文（リポジトリ）
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謝, 福台 ; 金城, 尚美 ; Xie, Futai ; Kinjo, Naomi
概要:
本稿は,日本語学習者にとって習得が困難だとされる助詞の中でも特に「は」と「が」の使い分けに関する論考である。とりわけ,助詞があるという点で,日本語と統語論上,似た体系を持つとされる韓国語の母語話者と,日本語の文法体系とは異なり,格助詞や係助
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詞がない中国語の母語話者に調査を行い,「は」と「が」の誤用の分析を行った。その結果,「は」と「が」の使い分けについて中国語母語話者と韓国語母語話者を比較すると,韓国語母語話者は誤用率がかなり低いことが明らかになった。これは母語からの正の転移がかなり寄与していると推察される。しかし「は」や「が」が出現する条件によっては,誤用率が高くなることから,「は」と「が」の出現条件に関する知識が不足している部分もあることがわかった。一方,中国語話者にとって「は」と「が」の使い分けは誤用率がかなり高いことが示された。この結果から,中国語話者にとって「は」と「が」の使い分けは予想以上に複雑な言語処理を要求することが推察された。本研究によって,「は」と「が」使い分けに関する条件や規則など,指導に生かすべき点がいくつか明らかになった。
This study investigates errors which Japanese language learners make when they use a particle wa or ga in a sentence. Especially, the focus was put on the Chinese native speakers and Korean native speakers. The students taking intermediate or advanced level Japanese courses were given a test about particles by paper, which has 75 blanks to put into wa or ga. We could collect data of 34 Chinese native speakers and 20 Korean native speakers. The result of the test clarified that Korean native speakers made less errors than Chinese native speakers. The highest rate of errors of Chinese native speakers is ga which indicates old information. On the other hand, the highest rate of errors for Korean native speakers is ga which occurs in an embedded sentence including contrastive meaning. 紀要論文 続きを見る |
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| 13.
図書 |
図書
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金城克哉[ほか]編著
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その他 |
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金城, 尚美 ; 尚, 真貴子
概要:
その他
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| 15.
論文（リポジトリ） |
論文（リポジトリ）
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金城, 尚美 ; Kinjo, Naomi
概要:
The number of foreign students studying in the University of the Ryukyus has increased year by year. Accordingly, their
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intercultural mental health problems have increased. This paper mainly concerns the mental health status of the foreign students, that is submitted as a part of a broader research project pertaining to the mental health of the foreign students of the university.\nSubjects were 134 foreign students. Data were collected in February, 1994 by comprehensive self-reporting / self-rating questionaires administered at a foreign students group meeting. The main objective of this study was to investigate and analize stress levels, which foreign students had experienced through their language problems or difficulties at different time periods of their study experience in this university.\nThis study shows that the stress level of Latin American students is significantlly low during the first three months. And the level of stress of students whose Japanese speaking skill estimate low is significantlly higher than other group. The result indicates importance of Japanese education for the foreign students to whom communicative ability is to be mainly promoted.
紀要論文 続きを見る |
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| 16.
論文（リポジトリ） |
論文（リポジトリ）
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金城, 尚美 ; Kinjo, Naomi
概要:
Language learners are considered to have preconceived beliefs about language learning, i.e. ideas and images toward thei
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r language learning. Rubin (1987) points out that beliefs are closely connected to students' choice of learning strategies. Based on the preceding studies such as Horwits (1987), Rubin (1987) and Taniguchi (1990), this paper focuses on the beliefs of Japanese language learners. Horowitz (1987) has developed questionnaires, "The Beliefs About Language Learning Inventory (BALLI) " for ESL students. This study utilizes a modified version of Horowitz's questionnaires for Japanese language learners. A brief summary of the study procedureis in order.\nBeliefs of students in two Japanese classes are investigated and compared. The result shows that there are some differences on beliefs between the two classes; in other words, these different beliefs characterize the two types of classes. One class represents a tendency to depend upon the teacher, but the other does not. This study clarifies that the investigation on beliefs of language learning can give foreign language teachers some suggestions on, for example, designing a course, teaching learning strategies, and giving advice for individual instruction.
紀要論文 続きを見る |
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| 17.
論文（リポジトリ） |
論文（リポジトリ）
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金城, 尚美 ; Kinjo, Naomi
概要:
It is a common practice for foreign language education to use news as a teaching material. The field of teaching Japanes
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e as a foreign language, also, has employed news as a material for listening comprehension. Consequently, the learning goal of the news comprehension has been set only to improve the learners' listening skills. However, this goal setting is not sufficient; further improvement of language ability requires a goal which has communicative competence in its perspective. Meanwhile, the practical goal for a language course is to determine a course design and to provide more significance of learning tasks in each class. If the goal is clear, the learners themselves confirm their motivation for learning.\nConsidering the above points, an intermediate Japanese class, whose main purpose was listening comprehension of news, was offered at the University of the Ryukyus during the second semester of 1993. The ultimate purpose of the course was to make video programs for the news. First, the students were required to write some news scripts and to perform as news reporters. Second, the learners presented their own news video programs to students in other classes, Japanese students, and etc., as news show. It took about four weeks to complete the tasks. The later survey says that the learners were very comfortable with this goal-oriented program, and they felt that they completed the tasks successfully.\nThis paper discusses the design of the goal-oriented course and the result of the learners' and observers' evaluations for the news video program. Then, the whole course, as a trial case, is considered from the view point of language education. Finally, the further possibilities of learning news through making news video program is discussed.
紀要論文 続きを見る |
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| 18.
論文（リポジトリ） |
論文（リポジトリ）
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金城, 尚美 ; Kinjo, Naomi
概要:
A "project work" program was introduced in Japanese Language Course III (an intermediate level course) in 1993 at the Un
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iversity of the Ryukyus. Project work differs from other methodologies in that it is a learner-centered communicative approach. The purpose of the project work is to develop the learner's communicative performance and language skills. The goals of project work as a group activity are (1) to collect information about a theme that learners have an interest in, (2) to use Japanese as a tool for discussion, (3) to write questionnaires and reports, and to communicate with Japanese students in doing the research, and (4) to make a presentation about the results of the research. This paper discusses the significance of project work, the design of our specific procedures, the students' evaluation of the program, and some practical classroom considerations. This study suggests the successful continuation of this new approach to foreign language learning.
紀要論文 続きを見る |
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| 19.
論文（リポジトリ） |
論文（リポジトリ）
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金城, 尚美 ; Kinjo, Naomi
概要:
Reading is not a passive activity but a positive one. When focusing on cognitive processes, reading is not solely establ
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ished through the bottom-up process of grasping the meaning of individual words and synthesized structure. The top-down process of understanding macro level structures such as the connection of context, discourse and the whole text and the readers' utilization of prior knowledge becomes necessary. The interaction of both processes constructs meaning. This is postulated as the process of integration of the readers' knowledge structure. Moreover, in the process of comprehension, "metacognition" which monitors one's condition of comprehension is a vital process. Metacognition has a function as a control of comprehension.\nWhen reading a foreign language, poor readers with poor ability tend to try to understand the whole meaning of the text word by word. This is not because of their limited knowledge of language, background knowledge or skills, but it is more due to not being able to utilize metacognitive strategies.\nIn many cases, the teaching method of reading in a foreign language puts emphasis on vocabulary and grammar. However, it is not only an instructional strategy to promote reading comprehension. A teaching method focused on cognitive processes is neccessary.\nTherefore, one framework for considering effective strategies to promote reading comprehension is suggested. The structure of the framework for reading comprehension consists of three main categories of strategies; the strategies to promote bottom-up processing, the strategies to promote top-down processing, and the strategies that improve metacognitive skills. The strategies are proposed as a viewpoint for course design of reading instruction in foreign languages.
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| 20.
論文（リポジトリ） |
論文（リポジトリ）
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金城, 尚美 ; 金城, 克哉 ; 副島, 健作 ; Kinjo, Naomi ; Kinjo, Katsuya ; Soejima, Kensaku
概要:
One of the current topics in elementary, junior high and high school is focused on multi-lingual and multi-cultural educ
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ation and it can be argued that one of the goals and roles of Japanese education overlaps with their focus; Japanese education can contribute to promote the multi -lingual/cultural education and Japanese learners would be able to have feedback from these schools.\nThis paper will show how Ginowan junior high school students evaluated the cultural exchange program and what kinds of change and awareness were created in them. By examining the results, It will be concluded that "learning together, educating together" is the key notion for both the Japanese students and international students.
紀要論文 続きを見る |
