1.

論文(リポジトリ)

論文(リポジトリ)
Kozuka, Chisayo ; Kaname, Tadashi ; Shimizu-Okabe, Chigusa ; Takayama, Chitoshi ; Tsutsui, Masato ; Matsushita, Masayuki ; Abe, Keiko ; Masuzaki, Hiroaki
出版情報: Diabetologia.  60  pp.1502-1511,  2017-05-20.  Springer Nature
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/47185
概要: Aims/hypothesis Overeating of dietary fats causes obesity in humans and rodents. Recent studies in humans and rodents ha ve demonstrated that addiction to fats shares a common mechanism with addiction to alcohol, nicotine and narcotics in terms of a dysfunction of brain reward systems. It has been highlighted that a high-fat diet (HFD) attenuates dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) signalling in the striatum, a pivotal regulator of the brain reward system, resulting in hedonic overeating. We previously reported that the brown rice-specific bioactive constituent gamma-oryzanol attenuated the preference for an HFD via hypothalamic control. We therefore explored the possibility that gamma-oryzanol would modulate functioning of the brain reward system in mice.\nMethods Male C57BL/6J mice fed an HFD were orally treated with gamma-oryzanol, and striatal levels of molecules involved in D2R signalling were evaluated. The impact of gamma-oryzanol on DNA methylation of the D2R promoter and subsequent changes in preferences for dietary fat was examined. In addition, the effects of 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine, a potent inhibitor of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), on food preference, D2R signalling and the levels of DNMTs in the striatum were investigated. The inhibitory effects of gamma-oryzanol on the activity of DNMTs were enzymatically evaluated in vitro.\nResults In striatum from mice fed an HFD, the production of D2Rs was decreased via an increase in DNA methylation of the promoter region of the D2R. Oral administration of gamma-oryzanol decreased the expression and activity of DNMTs, thereby restoring the level of D2Rs in the striatum. Pharmacological inhibition of DNMTs by 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine also ameliorated the preference for dietary fat. Consistent with these findings, enzymatic in vitro assays demonstrated that gamma-oryzanol inhibited the activity of DNMTs.\nConclusions/interpretation We demonstrated that gamma-oryzanol ameliorates HFD-induced DNA hypermethylation of the promoter region of D2R in the striatum of mice. Our experimental paradigm highlights gamma-oryzanol as a promising antiobesity substance with the distinct property of being a novel epigenetic modulator.
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2.

図書

図書
Caleb E. Finch
出版情報: Amsterdam ; Tokyo : Elsevier, 2007
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3.

図書

図書
by Rory Freedman and Kim Barnouin
出版情報: Philadelphia : Running Press, c2005
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図書

図書
Denise Mortimore
出版情報: New York : Barnes & Noble, 1998
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5.

図書

図書
edited by Fred Mellon, Brittmarie Sandström
出版情報: London ; San Diego : Academic Press, 1996
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図書

図書
Carolyn D. Berdanier ; illustrations by Toni Kathryn Adkins
出版情報: Boca Raton ; Tokyo : CRC Press, c1995
シリーズ名: Modern nutrition
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図書

図書
edited by Israel Goldberg
出版情報: New York : Chapman & Hall, 1994
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図書

図書
edited by Maria C. Linder ; with a foreword by Hamish N. Munro
出版情報: New York ; Tokyo : Elsevier, c1991
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9.

論文(リポジトリ)

論文(リポジトリ)
国吉, 緑 ; 普天間, 弘 ; Kuniyoshi, Midori ; Futenma, Hiromu
出版情報: 琉球大学医学会雑誌 : 医学部紀要 = Ryukyu medical journal.  11  pp.146-159,  1991.  琉球大学医学部 — Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/0002015703
概要: The aim of this study was to find out changes in the physique of Okinawan students (born in Okinawa) of University of th e Ryukyus (UR) from 1950 to 1985.For every 5 years, the physique of Okinawan students (2,304 males and 1,269 females) compared with those of UR students who came from other prefecturs, all youths of the same age as students in Japan. The physique comprises following six measurements: height, weight, body mass index(BMI), chestcircumference, sitting height and relativesitting height (sitting height/heightx100). The following results were obtained : (1)Height: The average height of UR Okinawan students was the lowest in both 1955 and 1960 and then showed a tendency to increase. However, the average height of UR Okinawan students was significantly lower by 2-3 cm in comparison with those of other two groups. (2) Weight and BMI : The mean body weight of UR Okinawan students has increased with a progress of times , particularly in males, and trended to come close to those of two other groups. BMI of UR Okinawan male students was higher than those of two other groups after 1980, but that was statistically insignificant. While, BMI in thefemal students showed the same time course change of all youths, showing no change from 1950 to 1975 and a declination after 1975. (3) Chest circumference : The chest circumference of male UR Okinawan students showed the same tendency of all youths to increase with a progress times and in proportion of with a body weight increas. While in the female students, there was little change. (4) Sitting height and relatevesitting height : The increasing ratio of the sitting height in male and female UR Okinawan students were less than that of their height. the relativesitting height remained stable from 1955 to 1970, but was reduced after 1970. The leg length in both sexes of UR Okinawan students was differnt in the two other groups, but a increasing rate of relative sitting height was highter. From the results, it was confirmed that the physique of UR Okinawan students has developed since 1950, and the change was identical with those at the national level. However, the average of UR Okinawan students was significantly lower by 2-3cm. It is supposed that the nutritional intake, regional characteristics and heredity might be influence these constitutional changes.
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10.

図書

図書
edited by Praneet Pongpaew ... [et al.]
出版情報: Bangkok ; Siriyod Printing Co., 1990
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