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| 1.
論文（リポジトリ） |
論文（リポジトリ）
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Sato, Takehiro ; Adachi, Noboru ; Kimura, Ryosuke ; Hosomichi, Kazuyoshi ; Yoneda, Minoru ; Oota, Hiroki ; Tajima, Atsushi ; Toyoda, Atsushi ; Kanazawa-Kiriyama, Hideaki ; Matsumae, Hiromi ; Koganebuchi, Kae ; Shimizu, K Kentaro ; Shinoda, Ken-ichi ; Hanihara, Tsunehiko ; Weber, Andrzej ; Kato, Hirofumi ; Ishida, Hajime
概要:
Recent studies on paleogenomics have reported some Paleolithic and Neolithic genomes that have provided new insights int
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o the human population history in East and Northeast Asia. However, there remain some cases where more recent migration events need to be examined to elucidate the detailed formation process of local populations. Although the area around northern Japan is one of the regions archaeologically suggested to have been affected by migration waves after the Neolithic period, the genetic source of these migrations are still unclear. Thus, genomic data from such past migrant populations would be highly informative to clarify the detailed formation process of local populations in this region. Here, we report the genome sequence of a 900-year-old adult female (NAT002) belonging to the prehistoric Okhotsk people, who have been considered to be the past migrants to northern Japan after the Neolithic period. We found a close relationship between NAT002 and modern Lower Amur populations and past admixture events between the Amur, Jomon, and Kamchatka ancestries. The admixture dating suggested migration of Amur-related ancestry at approximately 1,600 BP, which is compatible with the archaeological evidence regarding the settlement of the Okhotsk people. Our results also imply migration of Kamchatka-related ancestry at approximately 2,000 BP. In addition, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) typing detected the HLA-B*40 allele, which is reported to increase the risk of arthritis, suggesting the genetic vulnerability of NAT002 to hyperostosis, which was observed around her chest clavicle.
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| 2.
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Gakuhari, Takashi ; Nakagome, Shigeki ; Rasmussen, Simon ; Allentoft, Morten E. ; Sato, Takehiro ; Korneliussen, Thorfinn ; Chuinneagain, Blanaid Ni ; Matsumae, Hiromi ; Koganebuchi, Kae ; Schmidt, Ryan ; Mizushima, Souichiro ; Kondo, Osamu ; Shigehara, Nobuo ; Yoneda, Minoru ; Kimura, Ryosuke ; Ishida, Hajime ; Masuyama, Tadayuki ; Yamada, Yasuhiro ; Tajima, Atsushi ; Shibata, Hiroki ; Toyoda, Atsushi ; Tsurumoto, Toshiyuki ; Wakebe, Tetsuaki ; Shitara, Hiromi ; Hanihara, Tsunehiko ; Willerslev, Eske ; Sikora, Martin ; Oota, Hiroki
概要:
Anatomically modern humans reached East Asia more than 40,000 years ago. However, key questions still remain unanswered
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with regard to the route(s) and the number of wave(s) in the dispersal into East Eurasia. Ancient genomes at the edge of the region may elucidate a more detailed picture of the peopling of East Eurasia. Here, we analyze the whole-genome sequence of a 2,500-year-old individual (IK002) from the main-island of Japan that is characterized with a typical Jomon culture. The phylogenetic analyses support multiple waves of migration, with IK002 forming a basal lineage to the East and Northeast Asian genomes examined, likely representing some of the earliest-wave migrants who went north from Southeast Asia to East Asia. Furthermore, IK002 shows strong genetic affinity with the indigenous Taiwan aborigines, which may support a coastal route of the Jomon-ancestry migration. This study highlights the power of ancient genomics to provide new insights into the complex history of human migration into East Eurasia.
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| 3.
論文（リポジトリ） |
論文（リポジトリ）
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Gakuhari, Takashi ; Nakagome, Shigeki ; Rasmussen, Simon ; Allentoft, Morten E. ; Sato, Takehiro ; Korneliussen, Thorfinn ; Chuinneagain, Blanaid Ni ; Matsumae, Hiromi ; Koganebuchi, Kae ; Schmidt, Ryan ; Mizushima, Souichiro ; Kondo, Osamu ; Shigehara, Nobuo ; Yoneda, Minoru ; Kimura, Ryosuke ; Ishida, Hajime ; Masuyama, Tadayuki ; Yamada, Yasuhiro ; Tajima, Atsushi ; Shibata, Hiroki ; Toyoda, Atsushi ; Tsurumoto, Toshiyuki ; Wakebe, Tetsuaki ; Shitara, Hiromi ; Hanihara, Tsunehiko ; Willerslev, Eske ; Sikora, Martin ; Oota, Hiroki
概要:
Anatomically modern humans reached East Asia more than 40,000 years ago. However, key questions still remain unanswered
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with regard to the route(s) and the number of wave(s) in the dispersal into East Eurasia. Ancient genomes at the edge of the region may elucidate a more detailed picture of the peopling of East Eurasia. Here, we analyze the whole-genome sequence of a 2,500-year-old individual (IK002) from the main-island of Japan that is characterized with a typical Jomon culture. The phylogenetic analyses support multiple waves of migration, with IK002 forming a basal lineage to the East and Northeast Asian genomes examined, likely representing some of the earliest-wave migrants who went north from Southeast Asia to East Asia. Furthermore, IK002 shows strong genetic affinity with the indigenous Taiwan aborigines, which may support a coastal route of the Jomon-ancestry migration. This study highlights the power of ancient genomics to provide new insights into the complex history of human migration into East Eurasia.
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論文（リポジトリ）
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Yamauchi, Tadashi ; Kimura, Ryosuke ; Kawaguchi, Akira ; Sato, Takehiro ; Yamaguchi, Kyoko ; Toma, Takashi ; Miyamoto, Kiyoto ; Fukase, Hitoshi ; Yamaguchi, Tetsutaro ; Ishida, Hajime
概要:
Using lateral cephalometric images, we compared the skeletal and soft tissue configurations of Ryukyuan and mainland Jap
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anese females. We collected lateral cephalometric images of 30 females each from Okinawa Island and mainland Japan. Sixty landmarks were plotted on each image. Then, based on the coordinates of the landmarks, 68 distances and 34 angles were calculated according to orthodontic and anthropometric methods. We confirmed that the Ryukyuans have a smaller height in the upper and midfacial region than the mainland Japanese. Moreover, our findings indicate that, compared with the mainland Japanese females, the Ryukyuan females clearly have the following features: (1) a shallower mandibular notch, (2) an anterior-inclined symphysis of mandible, and (3) a smaller depth from upper lip to incisors. We also found that an anterior-inclined mandibular corpus and incisors are associated with a smaller distance between the surfaces of the upper lip and teeth and with a more protruded lip shape.
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Okamoto, Yuka ; Ishida, Hajime ; Kimura, Ryosuke ; Sato, Takehiro ; Tsuchiya, Nanae ; Murayama, Sadayuki ; Fukase, Hitoshi ; Nagaoka, Tomohito ; Adachi, Noboru ; Yoneda, Minoru ; Andrzej, Weber ; Kato, Hirofumi
概要:
We present the oldest human skeletal case yet identified with possible SAPHO syndrome (synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hype
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rostosis, osteitis), a chronic disease involving the skin, bone, and joints. A human skeleton with a severe pathological condition was recovered from a shell mound of the prehistoric Okhotsk culture at the Hamanaka 2 site, Rebun Island, Hokkaido, Japan in 2013. Morphological and Amelogenin gene analyses determined the sex as female, and the age at time of death was estimated to be in the forties using analysis of the auricular surface of the ilium. The stable isotope ratios of this individual (NAT002) and other Hamanaka 2 samples indicated a heavy dependence on marine mammals and fish for dietary protein intake. Radiocarbon age on collagen from the bone of NAT002 was 1689 ± 20 BP, or 1060–1155 (68.2%) calAD. Macroscopic and computed tomography (CT) findings indicated diffuse hyperostosis in the axial and appendicular skeleton, including the mandible, vertebrae, clavicles, sternum, scapulae, humeri, radii, ulnae, and ilium, caused by osteitis and synovitis. The bilateral clavicles were most affected, in which CT imaging revealed irregular cortical thickening, termed ‘grotesque periostitis.’ The case was diagnosed as most likely having SAPHO syndrome, although dermatological findings could not be detected. Although SAPHO syndrome is a fairly new concept in autoimmune diseases, this case suggests the syndrome originated much earlier in human history.
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