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図書 |
図書
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宮里清松著
目次情報:
続きを見る
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| 2.
論文（リポジトリ） |
論文（リポジトリ）
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宮里, 清松 ; Miyazato, Kiyomatsu
概要:
論文
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| 3.
論文（リポジトリ） |
論文（リポジトリ）
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野瀬, 昭博 ; 仲間, 操 ; 宮里, 清松 ; 村山, 盛一 ; Nose, Akihiro ; Nakama, Misao ; Miyazato, Kiyomatsu ; Murayama, Seiichi
概要:
作物のガス交換測定系において用いる低コスト情報処理システムを試作した。コストの低減を計るために,簡易型A/D変換器(ネオログ社,PCN-1209-1)を用い,出力用と入力用のGPIBをシステムから除外した。A/D変換器の入力特性から,本シス
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テムでは温度の測定にサーミスタ(φ=1.00mm, 宝工業KXK67-1)を用いた。しかし,3連の同化箱を用いて測定を行うのに必要な12本のサーミスタ価格を含めても,試作したシステムの価格は,既製品のA/D変換システムの1/3∿1/4であった。用いたサーミスタの出力電位と温度の関係は,0∿40℃で直線性を有していた(図4)。試作した情報処理システムを用いて,サトウキビ葉身の温度-光合成反応を測定した。得られた結果は高温域に至適温度を有するというC_4光合成特有のものであった。本測定において,試作したシステムを用い葉温を効率よく,かつ正確に制御することができた(図7)。
A simple data processing system for gas exchange measurement of crop plant was produced as a trial product in a laboratory low cost. In order to save the cost, a simple analog-digital (A/D) conversion board (Neolog, PCN-1209-01) was used, but two general purpose interface bus (GPIB) for computer date input and output were excluded in this system. On account of the input range of A/D board, thermister (φ1.00mm, Takara KXK-67) was used for temperature measurements. Including twelve thermisters necessary for a three assimilation chamber system, however, the cost for the trial product was only about one third to a quarter of the price for articles on the market. The thermister in the trial product gave a linear relation between temperature and electric potential in the 10℃ to 40℃ temperature range (Fig. 7). Using the above simple date processing system, photosynthesis-temperature response curves on sugar cane (Saccharamu officinarum, cv. NCo 310) leaf were examined. Curves obatinad in the experiment exhidited a typical response of C_4 photosynthesis in which the optimal was observed at high temperature of 35℃. In the examination, leaf temerature was controlled efficiently and accurately by the system (Fig. 7). 紀要論文 続きを見る |
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| 4.
論文（リポジトリ） |
論文（リポジトリ）
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仲間, 操 ; 野瀬, 昭博 ; 江橋, 賢治 ; 宮里, 清松 ; 村山, 盛一 ; Nakama, Misao ; Nose, Akihiro ; Ebashi, Kenji ; Miyazato, Kiyomatsu ; Murayama, Seiichi
概要:
サトウキビ品種NCo310を用い, 土壌水分欠乏が給水制限解除後の乾物生産特性に及ぼす影響を調査した。植付け後77日目のサトウキビをpF2.5,3.5,3.8,4.2の土壌水分下で2週間にわたって育て, その後土壌水分をpF2.5に維持した
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ときの生育の様相を22日間にわたって追跡調査した。得られた結果の概要は以下の通りである。1)pF4.2区では生育の回復は殆ど認められなかった(図1,2,3,4)。2)pF3.8区とpF3.5区では水分処理解除後に茎重や葉重について顕著な回復を示し(図3), 特にpF3.8区では最上位完全展開葉々位の増加や青葉数などの葉身形質に回復現象がみられた(図2)。3)土壌水分処理解除後, 相対生長率(RGR)はpF3.8区で高かった。また, pF3.8区の高いRGRは高い純同化率(NAR)によっていることが推察された(表1)。4)土壌水分処理解除後のRGRの回復は, 同化器官の量(LWR)よりもNARの増加によっていることが明らかになった。更に, その時のRGRやNARは梢頭部の含水率と高い負の相関を示した(表2)。
Using sugar cane (Saccharum officinarum L. c. v. NCo 310), the effects of soil moisture deficit on characteristics of matter production process after releasing the restriction of water supply were examined. Young sugar cane plants of the 77th day after planting were experienced for two weeks under soil moisture conditions of pF 2.5,3.5,3.8,and 4.3. After the treatments, the time courses of matter production process were investigated for 22 days, re-setting the soil moisture to pF 2.5. The following results were obtained : After re-setting to enough soil moisture condition, the growth of pF 4.2 block could not recover (Fig. 1,2,3,and 4). At blocks of pF 3.5 and pF 3.8,however, the dry weight of stalk and leaves were recovered sufficiently after re-watering (Fig. 3). Especially, leaf position of upper most full expanded leaf and number of leaves were recovered rapidly at block of pF 3.8 (Fig. 2). After re-watering, relative growth rate (RGR) of whole plant included roots showed high at block of pF 3.8. It was appeared that these high RGR were resulted from high net assimilation rate (NAR) (Table 1). In this study, RGR and NAR after re-watering showed high negarive correlations to mean water contents of spindle (Table 2). 紀要論文 続きを見る |
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| 5.
論文（リポジトリ） |
論文（リポジトリ）
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仲間, 操 ; 野瀬, 昭博 ; 宮里, 清松 ; 村山, 盛一 ; Nakama, Misao ; Nose, Akihiro ; Miyazato, Kiyomatsu ; Murayama, Seiichi
概要:
基盤整備直後の泥灰岩土壌畑(琉球大学農学部附属農場4番圃場)において, サトウキビ(品種NCo310)を春植えし, その後一次, 二次株出し栽培下における生育の様相を追跡調査した。得られた結果の概要は以下の通りである。1) 各栽培年の最終収
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量は, 新植から株出しと耕作年次の進展にともない低下した。単位土地面積当りの総乾物量は, 調査期間を通して漸増し, その程度は新植で最も大きかった(図1)。2) 12月の生育量を基準にして, それ以前の生育量を相対値で表すと, 新値と株出し栽培で生育経過に明らかな違いが認められた(図4,図5)。特に, 株出し栽培では新植にくらべ初期生育が優れていることが認められた。3) 個体群生長速度(CGR)は, 新植の9∿10月に42g/m^2/dayと極めて高い値を示し, 株出し下では最大CGRが15∿17と低かった(図2)。4) 調査期間を通しての生長関数の相互の関係は, CGRがNARと密接に関係し, LAIとは余り関係しないことを示していた(表2)。5) 本研究で調査したサトウキビにおいて, 茎への乾物の分配率が調査期間を通して高く, 生育の後期にも茎への乾物の蓄積が行われていることが明らかになった(図9)。6) 葉面積を未抽出葉の展開部も含めて評価すると, LAIでは最大23%, 葉乾物重では18%, 増大することが明らかになった(図10)。
Using experiments in marl soil field right after the land consolidation (Field No. 4,Experimantral Farm, University of the Ryukyus), changes in growth characeristics of the first crop. first ratoon crop, and second ratoon crop of spring planted sugar cane, Saccharum officinarum L. var. NCo 310,were examined. Outlines of the result obtained were as follows : The final cane yield of earch crop decreased in the order of first crop, first ratoon crop, and second ratoon crop, that is, 5.5,4.6,and 3.5 tons per 10a, respectively. For each crop, the total dry matter including dead part per unit land erea graduarally increaed through all the experimental period, and the increaseing rate was greatest for the first crop (Fig. 1 and Fig. 7). When compared to the growth in respective December, the relative growth in the month preceeding to each December showed a clear difference in the growth process between the first crop and ratoon crops (Fig. 4 and Fig. 5). Growth in the early growth stage was larger in ratoon crops than in the first crop. The highest crop growth rate (CGR) of 42.3g/m^2/day, was observed between September and October in the first crop (Fig. 7). Max. CGR in the ratoonings was low, showing 17.9 and 15.8g/m^2/day for the first and second ratooning, respectively. The interrelation of growth parameters throughout the present experimental period showed a significant relation between CGR and NAR, but the relation between CGR and LAI was not significant (Table 2). The dry matter distribution ratio in the stalk for the cane in the present study was high throughout the experimental period, and it was clearly found that the accumulation of dry matter in the stalk was preferentially done even in the last stage of growth (Fig. 9). When leaf area was evaluated by including the expanded parts of not fully expanded leaves on the top of stalk, it was shown that LAI and dry weight of the leaf increased by 23 and 18 percent, respectively (Fig. 10). 紀要論文 続きを見る |
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| 6.
論文（リポジトリ） |
論文（リポジトリ）
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野瀬, 昭博 ; 仲間, 操 ; 宮里, 清松 ; 村山, 盛一 ; Nose, Akihiro ; Nakama, Misao ; Miyazato, Kiyomatsu ; Murayama, Seiichi
概要:
栽植密度が,夏植え一次株出しサトウキビの生産に及ぼす影響を2種類の土壌条件下で乾物生産の面から調査した。供試したサトウキビ品種はNCo310,栽植密度は株間40cm×畦間135cm(標準区),同20cm×135cm(密植区)の2種類,土壌は
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泥灰岩土壌とサンゴ石灰岩土壌である。得られた結果の概要は以下の通りである。1)2月の収量調査では,泥灰岩土壌畑標準区で8.1ton/10a,Brix17.0度,同密植区で7.6ton/10a,16.7度,サンゴ石灰岩土壌密植区で6.2ton/10a,16.8度と,原料茎収量に密植の効果は認められなかった。2)単位土地面積当り総重あるいは茎重は,泥灰岩土壌畑においては2種類の栽植区で2月の最終調査日まで増大し続けた。しかし,サンゴ石灰岩土壌畑において総重は12月から2月にかけて減少,茎重は定常値に達した(図1)。3)単位土地面積当りの茎数は12月に密植区で12.5∿13.6本/m^2と多くなるものの収穫期及び生育の前期では殆ど差がなかった(表1)。4)個体群生長速度(CGR)は,6∿10月という夏季に泥灰岩土壌標準区で18∿17g/m^2/dayを示し,サンゴ石灰岩土壌密植区で8∿10月のCGRが同様になるものの,密植区のCGRは小さかった(図3)。5)葉面積指数(LAI)は,何れの区においても2.5を越すことがなく,LAIに密植の効果が現れなかった(図3)。6)CGRは純同化率(NAR)と有為な正の相関(r=0.914)をしめし,LAIとは無相関であった。7)8月下旬での群落吸光係数はLAIが-1.3∿-3.1の範囲でLAIの増大にともない負の大きい値となった(図7)。8)乾物の器官への分配率は,6月から2月の調査期間を通し,茎への分配が60∿80%と常に高い値を示した(図4)。
The effect of planting density on the growth of the first ratoon crop of summer planted sugar cane was investigated with the field of two soil types on aspects of dry matter production. Sugar cane variety used in the experiments was NCo 310 (Succharum officinarum L.). Planting density was 40cm×135cm for standard block, and 20cm×135cm for dense planting block both in intrarow spacing and row width; and the soil type was marl soil and coral limestone soil. Results obtained are as follows : In this study dense planting did not affect the cane yield. For example, the final cane yield and brix for standard block and dense planting block both in marl soil field were 8.1 tons per 10 a and 17 degreee, 7.6 tons per 10 a and 16.7 degree, respectively. On the other hand, those for dense planting block in coral limestone soil were 6.2 tons per 10 a and 16.7 degree. In the experiments in marl soil, total dry weight including dead part and dry stalk weight both per unit land area kept increasing in the two planting density blocks until the last experiment day in February. In the coral limestone soil, however, the total dry weight was decreasing in the dense planting block during December and February, while dry stalk weight kept a constnt value in the same block and during the same period. The number of stalks per unit land area in December was larger in dense planting block by 2.5 to 3.6 per one m^2 than in standard block, but there was not much difference at harvest time and in the first part of growth stage (Table 1). Crop growth rate (CGR) of standard block in marl soil showed the value of 17-18g/m^2/day during the summer period of June to October, and that of dense planting block in coral limestone soil was almost the same value of 17-18g/m^2/day during August and October. In other periods except to the above mentioned periods, CGR was small (Fig.3). Leaf area index (LAI) in each block did not exceed 2.5,and the effect of planting density on LAI was not found (Fig.3). CGR showed a statistically significant positive correlation to net assimilation rate (NAR) with r=0.914,but it did not to LAI. Community light extinction coefficient (K) in the last ten days of August gave large negative values as LAI increased to the range of 1.3-3.1 (Fig.7). Distribution rate of dry matter into the stalk kept high value of 60 to 80 percent throughout the experiment period of June to February (Fig.4). 紀要論文 続きを見る |
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| 7.
論文（リポジトリ） |
論文（リポジトリ）
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宮里, 清松 ; Miyazato, Kiyomatsu
概要:
論文
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| 8.
図書 |
図書
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宮里清松著
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| 9.
図書 |
図書
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宮里清松先生退官記念事業会編
目次情報:
続きを見る
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| 10.
論文（リポジトリ） |
論文（リポジトリ）
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村山, 盛一 ; 宮里, 清松 ; 野瀬, 昭博 ; Murayama, Seiichi ; Miyazato, Kiyomatsu ; Nose, Akihiro
概要:
異常渇水がサトウキビの生育と収量に及ぼす影響を明らかにするために, 夏植え収穫後の1次株出しおよび2次株出しサトウキビを対象に調査を実施し, 次のような結果を得た。1. 少雨年である1977∿'78年期の1次株出しの生育は, 6月の
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時点では3ほ場間にはほとんど差異はなかったが, 生育後期になると多くの形質で, 島尻マージ土壌の上原, 喜屋武原ではジャーガル土壌の長田原に比べて著しく劣り, 特に平方メートル当り原料茎重は前年の夏植えの約半分に低下した(図1,図2,図3,図5,表3)。2. 降雨量の多かった1978∿'79年期の2次株出しでは, 上原, 喜屋武原の生育もかなり良く, 長田原との間にはほとんど差はなくなった(図1,図2,図3,図5,表3)。平方メートル当り原料茎重も上原, 喜屋武原では1次株出しの2倍に達し, 長田原に近い収量が得られた(表3)。このことは島尻マージ土壌でも水分補給さえ十分に行なえば, 株出し不萌芽個体も減少して, 茎数も増え, ジャーガル土壌とほとんど遜色のない収量が得られることを示唆している。3. 上原, 喜屋武原の1次株出しは葉がシオレ現象をおこして枯れ上がりを促進し, 1茎青葉数, 葉面積指数の著しい減少をもたらした(図6,図7,表3)。4. 実測茎重と推定茎重(茎の中央付近の横断面積×茎長)の相関はいずれも1%水準で有意であった。茎の充実程度について検討すると, 上原, 喜屋武原における1次株出しの実測茎重は推定茎重よりも軽い茎がかなりあり, 長田原より茎の充実が劣っていた。しかし, 2次株出しでは3ほ場間に大差はなかった(以上図8,図9)。
The authors carried out studies to evaluate the degree of damage and other effects of drought on the 1st and 2nd ratooning sugar cane cultivated in three experimental fields of different soil types. Following results were obtained : 1. Concerning the 1st ratooning sugar cane for 1977-'78 harvest year, a little rainfall year, the growth in the early growth stage was not different among the three fields. Concerning the yield component parameters studied, almost all the parameters in the late growth stage were better at Nagatabaru with Jargaru soil than at Uebaru and Kiyanbaru both with Shimajiri-marji soil. Especially, the stalk weight per square meter of the 1st ratooning crop at Uebaru and Kiyanbaru showed only a half value of the summer-planted crop which was planted in summer 1975 (Fig.1,Fig.2,Fig.3,Fig.5,Table 3). 2. Concerning the 2nd ratooning sugar cane for 1978-'79 harvest year, a large rainfall year, the growth at Uebaru and Kiyanbaru was good as well as Nagatabaru (Fig.1,Fig.2,Fig.3,Fig.5,Table 3). The stalk weight per square meter for the 2nd ratooning crop at Uebaru and Kiyanbaru showed twice as that of the 1st ratooning crop at each same field, and it was close to that of Nagatabaru (Table 3). From the above results it is considered that almost equal stalk yield could be obtained at Uebaru and Kiyanbaru as at Nagatabaru by applying satisfactory amount of water to the soil. 3. Because of the wilting and withering of leaves resulted from water shotage, low values in the number of fresh leaves per stalk and in leaf area index were observed in the 1st ratooning crop at Uebaru and Kiyanbaru (Fig.6,Fig.7). 4. The correlation coefficient between stalk weight and estimated stalk weight was significant at 1% level (Fig.8,Fig.9). Concerning the 1st ratooning crop, the repletion of stalk jouice was better at Nagatabaru than at Uebaru and Kiyanbaru (Fig.8). For the 2nd ratooning sugar cane, the difference in the repletion among the three fields, namely, Uebaru, Kiyanbaru and Nagatabaru, was not so large as in the 1st ratooning crop (Fig.9). 紀要論文 続きを見る |
