1.

図書

図書
山崎亮一著
出版情報: 東京 : 筑波書房, 2020-2022
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2.

図書

図書
浦上家史編纂委員会
出版情報: 鎌倉 : 学藝書院, 2020.6-2021.5
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3.

図書

図書
出版情報: 東京 : 吉川弘文館, 2020.8-2021.3
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4.

図書

図書
出版情報: 東京 : 岩波書店, 2020.9-2021.2
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5.

図書

図書
出版情報: 東京 : 春秋社, 2020.9-2021.7
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6.

図書

図書
二宮周平編集代表
出版情報: 東京 : 日本評論社, 2020.5-2021.1
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7.

論文(リポジトリ)

論文(リポジトリ)
M. M. Emam Ahmed, ; M. Ashik Iqbal Khan ; Md. Shahjahan Kabir ; Fukuta, Yoshimichi ; Obara, Mitsuhiro
出版情報: Soil Science and Plant Nutrition.  67  pp.31-40,  2020-11-25.  © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/0002019946
概要: Genetic variations in the root traits of rice remain unexplored in relation to varietal groups and diverse ecosystems. Therefore, we evaluated 257 Bangladeshi accessions, which included landraces and improved varieties belonging to four ecotypes (Aus, Aman, Boro and Jhum), to understand genetic variations in the total root length (TRL), maximum root length and root number under different concentrations of ammonium and nitrate nitrogen in hydroponic culture. There were large variations in all traits across all nitrogen levels. Active elongation of individual roots of the landrace type across all nitrogen conditions suggested a higher potential for the uptake of nutrients by extending roots distribution in any nitrogen environment, while the active development of primary root primordia in the improved type in the presence of nitrate suggested a higher potential for the uptake of nitrate from the soil surface by extending roots distribution around soil surface. Cluster analysis classified the examined accessions into two groups according to their TRL: cluster I with a longer TRL and cluster II with a shorter TRL across all nitrogen conditions. Each of these groups was further divided into two subclusters: sub-cluster Ia, in which the longer TRL resulted from active development of primary root primordia, sub-cluster Ib, in which the longer TRL resulted from active elongation of individual roots, subcluster IIa, in which the shorter TRL resulted from severe reduction of the elongation of individual roots, and sub-cluster IIb, in which the shorter TRL resulted from a moderate reduction in the elongation of individual roots. Further investigation revealed a difference in the composition of these four sub-clusters among the four ecotypes, indicating that Aman was the most diverse ecotype, followed by Aus. The root traits of these promising accessions could be exploited in the future to understand genetic and physiological mechanism(s) of adaptation to diverse ecosystems. 続きを見る
8.

論文(リポジトリ)

論文(リポジトリ)
Nakamura, Hideta ; Miyagi, Kazuya ; Otsuki, Mariko ; Higure, Yuuri ; Nishiyama, Naoya ; Kinjo, Takeshi ; Nakamatsu, Masashi ; Haranaga, Shusaku ; Tateyama, Masao ; Fujita, Jiro
出版情報: Internal Medicine.  59  pp.2945-2949,  2020-11-15.  The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine — 一般社団法人 日本内科学会
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/47366
概要: Treatment with tocilizumab (TCZ) to block interleukin-6 (IL-6) signalling is predicted to mitigate cytokine release synd rome (CRS) caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the adverse effects of TCZ on patients with COVID-19 remain unclear. We herein report a patient with COVID-19 treated with TCZ who developed acute hypertriglyceridaemia. Despite favipiravir treatment, acute respiratory distress syndrome developed in a 45-year-old patient with COVID-19; thus, TCZ was initiated. The triglyceride levels greatly increased after TCZ administration. Physicians should consider the negative impact of TCZ on the lipid profile in patients with COVID-19, although COVID-19-induced CRS itself may be an aggravating factor.
論文
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9.

論文(リポジトリ)

論文(リポジトリ)
Saleh, Ayat Ali ; Senjyu, Tomonobu ; Alkhalaf, Salem ; Alotaibi, Majed A. ; Hemeida, Ashraf M.
出版情報: Energies.  13  2020-11-05.  MDPI
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/48786
概要: This work introduces multi-objective water cycle algorithm (MOWCA) to find the accurate location and size of distributed energy resource (DERs) considering different load models for two seasons (winter, and summer). The impact of uncertainties produced from load and renewable energy resource (RES) such as wind turbine (WT) and photovoltaic (PV) on the performance of the radial distribution system (RDS) are covered as this is closer to the real operation condition. The point estimate method (PEM) is applied for modeling the RES uncertainties. An optimization technique is implemented to find the multi-objective optimal allocation of RESs in RDSs considering uncertainty effect. The main objectives of the work are to maximize the technical, economic and environmental benefits by minimizing different objective functions such as the dissipated power, the voltage deviation, DG cost and total emissions. The proposed multi-objective model is solved by using multi-objective water cycle algorithm (MOWCA), considering the Pareto criterion with nonlinear sorting based on fuzzy mechanism. The proposed algorithm is carried out on different IEEE power systems with various cases.
論文
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10.

論文(リポジトリ)

論文(リポジトリ)
Miyagi, Yoshihiro ; Kinjo, Tatsuya ; Yoshizumi, Tomoharu ; Harada, Noboru ; Arakaki, Shingo ; Kinjo, Tetsu ; Hokama, Akira ; Takatsuki, Mitsuhisa
出版情報: Surgical Case Reports.  278  2020-11-01.  © The Author(s) 2020.
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/0002019942
概要: Background: Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a well-known complication of ulcerative colitis (UC), but it is rare to encounter patients requiring both living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) and proctocolectomy. We report a case of elective two-stage surgery involving proctocolectomy performed after LDLT for a patient with early colon cancer concurrent with PSC-related UC. To our knowledge, this is the first report of concurrent cancer successfully treated with both LDLT and proctocolectomy. Case presentation: A 32-year-old Japanese man with colon cancer associated with UC underwent restorative proctocolectomy at 3 months after living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) for PSC. He was diagnosed with PSC and UC when he was a teenager. Conservative therapy was initiated to treat both PSC and UC. He had experienced recurrent cholangitis for years; therefore, a biliary stent was placed endoscopically. However, his liver function progressively deteriorated. Colonoscopic surveillance revealed early colon cancer; hence, surgical treatment was considered. PSC progressed to cirrhosis and portal hypertension; hence, LDLT was performed before restorative proctocolectomy. Three months after LDLT, we performed restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch–anal anastomosis. The postoperative course was uneventful. The patient was well, with good liver and bowel functions and without tumor recurrence, more than 1 year after proctocolectomy. Conclusions: With strict patient selection and careful patient management and follow-up, elective proctocolectomy may be performed safely and effectively after LDLT for concurrent early colon cancer with PSC-related UC. There are no previous reports of the use of both LDLT and proctocolectomy for the successful treatment of PSC-related UC and concurrent cancer. 続きを見る
11.

論文(リポジトリ)

論文(リポジトリ)
Ihara, Kensuke ; Sasano, Tetsuo ; Hiraoka, Yuichi ; Togo-Ohno, Marina ; Soejima, Yurie ; Sawabe, Motoji ; Tsuchiya, Megumi ; Ogawa, Hidesato ; Furukawa, Tetsushi ; Kuroyanagi, Hidehito
出版情報: Scientific Reports.  10  2020-10-27.  Springer Nature
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/48368
概要: Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a fatal heart disease characterized by left ventricular dilatation and cardiac dysfuncti on. Recent genetic studies on DCM have identified causative mutations in over 60 genes, including RBM20, which encodes a regulator of heart-specific splicing. DCM patients with RBM20 mutations have been reported to present with more severe cardiac phenotypes, including impaired cardiac function, atrial fibrillation (AF), and ventricular arrhythmias leading to sudden cardiac death, compared to those with mutations in the other genes. An RSRSP stretch of RBM20, a hotspot of missense mutations found in patients with idiopathic DCM, functions as a crucial part of its nuclear localization signals. However, the relationship between mutations in the RSRSP stretch and cardiac phenotypes has never been assessed in an animal model. Here, we show that Rbm20 mutant mice harboring a missense mutation S637A in the RSRSP stretch, mimicking that in a DCM patient, demonstrated severe cardiac dysfunction and spontaneous AF and ventricular arrhythmias mimicking the clinical state in patients. In contrast, Rbm20 mutant mice with frame-shifting deletion demonstrated less severe phenotypes, although loss of RBM20-dependent alternative splicing was indistinguishable. RBM20^ protein cannot be localized to the nuclear speckles, but accumulated in cytoplasmic, perinuclear granule-like structures in cardiomyocytes, which might contribute to the more severe cardiac phenotypes.
論文
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12.

論文(リポジトリ)

論文(リポジトリ)
Nakamura, Hideta ; Tateyama, Masao ; Tasato, Daisuke ; Haranaga, Shusaku ; Higa, Futoshi ; Matsuzaki, Akiko ; Yoshimi, Naoki ; Fujita, Jiro
出版情報: Clinical Case Reports.  8  pp.3439-3443,  2020-10-27.  John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/0002019620
概要: Asymptomatic pulmonary sarcoidosis can develop after starting antiretroviral therapy. The decision on whether to treat sarcoidosis with corticosteroids should be based on the disease severity.
13.

論文(リポジトリ)

論文(リポジトリ)
Akamine, Kozue ; Mekaru, Keiko ; Gibo, Keiya ; Nagata, Chinatsu ; Nakamura, Rie ; Oishi, Sugiko ; Miyagi, Maho ; Heshiki, Chiaki ; Aoki, Yoichi
出版情報: Reproductive Medicine and Biology.  2020-10-25.  Wiley
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/47491
概要: Purpose: To investigate impact of the one‐carbon metabolism (OCM) on oocyte maturity and embryo development.\nMethods: T his prospective study analyzed 18 women who agreed to participate. We measured the OCM biomarkers’ concentrations including Vitamin B12 (VB12), folic acid (FA), and homocysteine (Hcy) in serum and follicular fluid (FF), and assessed their correlation. We also evaluated the influence of such OCM biomarker concentrations in mono‐FF on oocyte maturation, fertilization, embryo quality, and consequent pregnancy after embryo transfers.\nResults: All biomarkers showed a high concentration variability in different follicles of each woman, but their mean levels correlated with the serum levels. Among the 106 collected oocytes, 92 were mature, 59 were fertilized, and 16 yielded good‐quality embryos. We performed 26 single embryo transfers, and 7 patients achieved clinical pregnancies. VB12 concentration (FF) was significantly lower in fertilized than unfertilized oocytes by univariate analysis. In multivariate logistic analysis, a significant correlation was found between FA concentration (FF) <14.25 ng/mL and good‐quality embryos and between Hcy concentration (FF) <4.9 nmol/mL and clinical pregnancy.\nConclusion: OCM in FF may affect fertilization, embryo quality, and clinical pregnancy.
論文
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14.

論文(リポジトリ)

論文(リポジトリ)
Nakagawa, Tessui ; Uesato, Hiroki ; Burrell, Anthony K. ; Ichikawa, Takayuki ; Miyaoka, Hiroki ; Davis, Benjamin L. ; Kojima, Yoshitsugu
出版情報: Energies.  13  2020-10-23.  MDPI
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/47495
概要: “One-pot regeneration”, which is simple regneneration method of ammonia borane (AB) using hydrazine and liquid ammonia, enables conversion of AB from hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) after milling hydrogenation. Solution ^<11>B-NMR revealed the presence of AB after NH_3/N_2H_4 treatment of milled h-BN (BNH_x) although the yield of AB was less than 5%. The conversion mechanism was clarified as B-H bonds on the h-BN surface created by ball-milling under hydrogen pressure have an ability to form AB, which was confirmed by Thermogravimetry-Residual Gas Analysis (TG-RGA) and Infrared (IR) analysis. The reaction routes are also the same as regeneration route of polyborazylene because intermediates of AB such as (B(NH_2)_3 and hydrazine borane were found by solution ^<11>B-NMR after soaking BNH_x in liquid NH_3 and hydrazine, respectively. Because of the fact that all reactions proceed on the h-BN surface and no reaction proceeds when neat h-BN is treated, breaking of B_3N_3 ring structure and then creation of B-H bond is the key issue to increase conversion yield of AB.
論文
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15.

論文(リポジトリ)

論文(リポジトリ)
大島, 千幸 ; 林, 幸希 ; 寺井, 純汰 ; 工藤, 翔里 ; Oshima, Kazuyuki ; Hayashi, Koki ; Terai, Junta ; Kudo, Shori
出版情報: Fauna Ryukyuana.  57  pp.1-11,  2020-10-02.  Ryukyu University Museum, Fujukan — 琉球大学資料館 (風樹館)
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/46858
概要: This study records six Mantodea species from several islands in the Miyako Islands, including first records from some is lands. Of the six Mantodea species, four species, i.e. Statilia nemoralis (Saussure, 1870), Tenodera fasciata (Olivier, 1792), T. angustipennis Saussure, 1869 and Hierodula patellifera (Audinet-Serville, 1839), are newly recorded from some adjacent islands of Miyako-jima Island, and two species, i.e. Mantis religiosa (Linnaeus, 1758) and Amantis nawai (Shiraki, 1908), were collected from previously recorded islands in the Miyako Is. Mantis religiosa and T. fasciata were primarily observed in open grasslands, and in contrast, T. angustipennis was mainly found around forest edges on Tarama-jima I. Few nymphs and an ootheca of S. nemoralis were found in grasslands on Ikema-jima I. and Kurima-jima I. Hierodula patellifera was the most abundant among mantis species during these surveys; a number of adults and a few nymphs of this species were observed in our expedition. For Amantis nawai, specimens of only the adult stage were observed, on the dried leaf litter of the forest floor on Miyako-jima I. In addition, three Mantodea species, M. religiosa, T. angustipennis and H. patellifera, were collected from UV-LED light trap set as a counterplan against Anomala albopilosa (Hope, 1839) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) on Tarama-jima I.
論文
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16.

論文(リポジトリ)

論文(リポジトリ)
Yamasako, Junsuke ; Kuroda, Keita ; 山迫, 淳介 ; 黒田, 圭太
出版情報: Fauna Ryukyuana.  57  pp.13-15,  2020-10-02.  Ryukyu University Museum, Fujukan — 琉球大学資料館 (風樹館)
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/46859
概要: Cophinopoda chinensis (Fabricius, 1794) is newly recorded from the Miyako Islands, the Ryukyus, Japan, with DNA barcode data.
東南アジアに広く分布するアオメアブCophinopoda chinensisを池間島,伊良部島,宮古島,来間島にて採集された標本に基づいて宮古諸島より初めて記録し,来間島の1個体より得たDNAバーコード配列の登録情報を記した.
論文
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17.

論文(リポジトリ)

論文(リポジトリ)
石田, 憲 ; Ishida, Akira
出版情報: Fauna Ryukyuana.  57  pp.17-19,  2020-10-02.  Ryukyu University Museum, Fujukan — 琉球大学資料館 (風樹館)
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/46860
概要: Two sesarmid crab species, Circulium scandens (Ng & Liu, 2003), and Chiromantes ryukyuanum Naruse & Ng, 2008, are newly recorded from Kohama-jima Island, Ryukyu Archipelago, southwestern Japan.
論文
18.

論文(リポジトリ)

論文(リポジトリ)
Okuno, Junji ; Naruse, Tohru ; 奥野, 淳兒 ; 成瀬, 貫
出版情報: Fauna Ryukyuana.  57  pp.21-26,  2020-10-02.  Ryukyu University Museum, Fujukan — 琉球大学資料館 (風樹館)
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/46862
概要: A bizarre crab of the family Leucosiidae, Oreotlos pala Tan & Ng, 1996 is redescribed on the basis of four specimens, in cluding three males and one female, collected from the Ryukyu Islands. This species was known only by the female holotype from Guam, the Mariana Islands. Our material from the Ryukyus enable us to describe the morphology of taxonomically important male characters (abdomen, telson, and gonopods) of this poorly known species for the first time. The assignment of the species to Oreotlos is fully confirmed.
久米島および宮古群島の伊良部島より採集された4個体の標本に基づき,コブシガニ科ツノカルイシコブシ属Oreotlos Ihle, 1918 のOreotlos pala Tan & Ng, 1996を再記載した.本種は,マリアナ諸島グアム島で採集された雌1個体に基づいて記載され,その後,川本・奥野(2003)による一般向けのガイドブックに久米島で撮影された個体の水中写真が掲載されているにすぎない稀種であった.本種の雄の形態はこれまで知られておらず,またホロタイプは鉗脚と歩脚を欠いているが,本研究の検討標本は原記載にも示されている頭胸甲背面の肝域後方,側方突出部,鰓域後方にそれぞれ1個大きく深いくぼみを有することにより,同種であると判断した.本種には標準和名が与えられていなかったため,頭胸甲背面に月面のクレーターを彷佛させる顕著なくぼみを有することから,ゲツメンカルイシコブシの新称を提唱する.
論文
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19.

論文(リポジトリ)

論文(リポジトリ)
Yamasaki, Hideo
出版情報: Nitric Oxide.  103  pp.29-30,  2020-10-01.  Elsevier
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/50067
概要: 論文
20.

学位論文(リポジトリ)

学位
Salatkiewicz, Michal Mateusz
出版情報: 2020-09-30.  琉球大学 — University of the Ryukyus
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/47026
概要: 学位論文
21.

学位論文(リポジトリ)

学位
Yoneda, Susumu ; 米田, 晋
出版情報: 2020-09-30.  University of the Ryukyus — 琉球大学
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/48485
概要: 学位論文
22.

学位論文(リポジトリ)

学位
Millman, Jasmine
出版情報: 2020-09-30.  University of the Ryukyus — 琉球大学
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/48487
概要: 学位論文
23.

学位論文(リポジトリ)

学位
Okitsu, Shiho ; 澳津, 志帆
出版情報: Journal of Cellular Physiology.  236  2020-09-27.  University of the Ryukyus — 琉球大学
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/48587
概要: 学位論文
24.

論文(リポジトリ)

論文(リポジトリ)
Sinzato, Hotaka ; Zamami, Yu ; Kondo, Tsuyoshi
出版情報: Brain Sciences.  10  2020-09-27.  MDPI
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/47028
概要: For simultaneous screening of mixed features (MF) by DSM-5 and mixed depression (MD) by Benazzi, useful symptoms were ex tracted from our 12-item dimensional scale for depressive mixed state (DMX-12). Subjects were 190 consecutive cases with major depressive episode (MDE) who visited our clinic. Associations between symptomatological combinations of the DMX-12 and MF or MD were analyzed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC). The rate of MF was 4.2% while that of MD was 22.6%. Eight symptoms (overreactivity, inner tension, racing/crowded thought, impulsivity, irritability, aggression, risk-taking behavior, and dysphoria) with their AUC > 0.6 for ROC curves were specially focused on distinguishing patients with MF or MD from non-mixed patients. By using these 8 symptoms, 40.5% of the overall patients were screened as positive at the same cut-off value (≥13) for both MD and MF. The AUC of ROC curve and sensitivity/specificity were well balanced together with sufficient negative predictive values. The abovementioned 8 symptoms seem to be helpful for primary screening and negative check of DMX with considerable severity during MDE.
論文
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25.

論文(リポジトリ)

論文(リポジトリ)
齋藤, 将人 ; Saito, Masato
出版情報: 電子情報通信学会技術研究報告.  120  pp.23-28,  2020-09-25.  電子情報通信学会 — THE INSTITUTE OF ELECTRONICS,INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERS
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/47205
概要: 筆者らは,これまで,Single-Input Multiple-Output (SIMO) や Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO)および大規模MIMOにおける受信アンテナのハードウェアコスト削減法とし てアンテナパターン多重 (Antenna Pattern Multiplexing; APM) 技術に着目して研究を行ってきた.本稿では,APMの原理について時変指向性利得として,周波数分割多重および符号分割多重に基づく周期波形を用いて説明を試み,単一のアンテナ系統から,複数の分離可能なアンテナ出力が得られることを示す.
We have been studied Antenna Pattern Multiplexing (APM) technique suitable for receivers of Single-Input Multiple-Output (SIMO), Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO), and massive MIMO systems. APM technique has potential to reduce the hardware cost of the receivers, for example, size of antenna, the number of required cables, cabling cost, calibration cost, maintenance cost, etc. In this paper, we try to explain the principle of APM with time-variable directional gain designed based on Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM) and Code Division Multiplexing (CDM). Through the paper, we show how to obtain multiple distinguishable antenna outputs from a single Radio Frequency (RF) front-end.
論文
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26.

論文(リポジトリ)

論文(リポジトリ)
Iwamoto, Kensuke ; Chang, Chin-Wei ; Imai, Hideyuki
出版情報: Biogeography : international journal of biogeography, phylogeny, taxonomy, ecology, biodiversity, evolution, and conservation biology.  22  pp.26-34,  2020-09-20.  Biogeographical Society of Japan — 日本生物地理学会
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/46909
概要: Studies have suggested that fishes with broad distribution ranges, long pelagic duration, and great mobility in their ea rly life histories may have an advantage in their ability to return to their natal reef habitats. Siganus spinus is a siganid fish with a broad dispersal strategy, which may also exploit its great mobility to enhance self-recruitment. Variations in mitochondrial DNA sequences were analysed to estimate the genetic structure and demographic history of Siganus spinus in the West Pacific. In total, 446 nucleotide sequences, including the tRNAThr gene, the tRNAPro gene, and the first half of the control region, were analysed from 240 individuals sampled at five sites spanning the West Pacific Ocean; 37 haplotypes were identified. Our results showed significant geographic genetic structure as well as isolation by distance. Both neutrality tests and mismatch distribution indicated that the population expansion of S. spinus through the study area may have occurred in the late Quaternary. A dispersal strategy characterised by large juveniles and open-sea distribution may have contributed to a sudden population expansion after the last glacial period, along with an expansion of distribution.
論文
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27.

学位論文(リポジトリ)

学位
Li, Yilin ; 李, 益玲
出版情報: 2020-09-18.  University of the Ryukyus — 琉球大学
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/46785
概要: 学位論文
28.

学位論文(リポジトリ)

学位
Adrianus, Bannepading
出版情報: 2020-09-18.  University of the Ryukyus — 琉球大学
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/46786
概要: 学位論文
29.

学位論文(リポジトリ)

学位
Adewuyi, Oludamilare Bode
出版情報: 2020-09-18.  University of the Ryukyus — 琉球大学
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/46787
概要: 学位論文
30.

学位論文(リポジトリ)

学位
Koswatta, Anupa
出版情報: 2020-09-18.  University of the Ryukyus — 琉球大学
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/46788
概要: 学位論文
31.

学位論文(リポジトリ)

学位
Mizuyama, Masaru ; 水山, 克
出版情報: 2020-09-18.  University of the Ryukyus — 琉球大学
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/47145
概要: 学位論文
32.

学位論文(リポジトリ)

学位
相澤, 正隆
出版情報: 2020-09-18.  琉球大学
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/47146
概要: 学位論文
33.

学位論文(リポジトリ)

学位
Biondi, Piera
出版情報: 2020-09-18.  University of the Ryukyus — 琉球大学
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/47147
概要: 学位論文
34.

学位論文(リポジトリ)

学位
Angka, Mahardini
出版情報: 2020-09-18.  University of the Ryukyus — 琉球大学
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/47148
概要: 学位論文
35.

学位論文(リポジトリ)

学位
太田, 格
出版情報: 2020-09-18.  琉球大学
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/47149
概要: 学位論文
36.

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学位
Selma, Bouchekioua
出版情報: 2020-09-17.  University of the Ryukyus — 琉球大学
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/47150
概要: 学位論文
37.

学位論文(リポジトリ)

学位
Okuyama, Momoko ; 奥山, 桃子
出版情報: 2020-09-17.  University of the Ryukyus — 琉球大学
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/48486
概要: 学位論文
38.

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論文(リポジトリ)
Okuma, R. ; Ueta, D. ; Kuniyoshi, S. ; Fujisawa, Y. ; Smith, B. ; Hsu, C. H. ; Inagaki, Y. ; Si, W. ; Kawae, T. ; Lin, H. ; Chuang, F. C. ; Masuda, T. ; Kobayashi, R. ; Okada, Y.
出版情報: Scientific Reports.  10  2020-09-16.  Springer Nature
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/47032
概要: CeTe_3 is a unique platform to investigate the itinerant magnetism in a van der Waals (vdW) coupled metal. Despite chemi cal pressure being a promising route to boost quantum fluctuation in this system, a systematic study on the chemical pressure effect on Ce^<3+>(4f^1) states is absent. Here, we report on the successful growth of a series of Se doped single crystals of CeTe_3. We found a fluctuation driven exotic magnetic rotation from the usual easy-axis ordering to an unusual hard-axis ordering. Unlike in localized magnetic systems, near-critical magnetism can increase itinerancy hand-in-hand with enhancing fluctuation of magnetism. Thus, seemingly unstable hard-axis ordering emerges through kinetic energy gain, with the self-consistent observation of enhanced magnetic fluctuation (disorder). As far as we recognize, this order-by-disorder process in fermionic system is observed for the first time within vdW materials. Our finding opens a unique experimental platform for direct visualization of the rich quasiparticle Fermi surface deformation associated with the Fermionic order-by-disorder process. Also, the search for emergent exotic phases by further tuning of quantum fluctuation is suggested as a promising future challenge.
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39.

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論文(リポジトリ)
Chen, Bixia
出版情報: Forests.  11  2020-09-15.  MDPI
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/47329
概要: Urban trees are under unprecedented pressure and competition worldwide with other land uses. Homestead windbreaks in urb an areas are an important part of urban forests because of their proximity to settlements. To aid in the conservation of old-growth homestead trees in the urban setting on Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan, this article surveys the dimensions and spatial distribution of century-old trees planted as windbreaks along homestead borderlines on Ishigaki Island in the Ryukyu Archipelago and the historical change caused by urban sprawl. The homesteads studied in this article do not match the scale of a traditional Western context and usually consist of an area of less than 200 square meters on Okinawa. A combined approach consisting of field surveys and the study of aerial photos was applied to identify changes in spatial distribution of tree lines surrounding the houses in 1945, 1972 and the present. We measured the dimensions of 1659 Fukugi trees with a minimum diameter at breast height (DBH) of 5 cm. The mean tree height, mean DBH and mean estimated tree age were 7.3 m, 26.9 cm and 107.5 years, respectively. Homestead trees are not only useful as windbreaks, timber sources and musical instruments, but have also been historically resilient in the face of strong typhoons and catastrophic tsunamis in the region. Over 60% of the surveyed trees were planted on the east and north sides of homesteads as protection from typhoons and monsoonal winds in the winter. In addition to G. subelliptica, other tree species, namely Podocarpus macrophyllus and Diospyros egbert-walkeri, have been commonly used as homestead windbreaks. However, homestead windbreaks in highly urbanized regions are generally declining and have experienced fragmentation, lower tree density and shorter tree height than those in rural areas. Because of the small number of trees older than 200 years, we assume that high urbanization has jeopardized old-growth trees. The demand for settlement land dramatically increases as the population increases and household-size decreases, creating more households. Therefore, a conservation project involving multiple stakeholders must be developed to conserve old-growth trees in urban settings.
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40.

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論文(リポジトリ)
Tomita, Asami ; Nashir, Uddin ; Obara, Mitsuhiro ; Saito, Hiroki ; Fukuta, Yoshimichi
出版情報: Plant Production Science.  24  pp.123-134,  2020-09-08.  © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/0002019947
概要: Wide variations of typhoon-induced spikelet sterility and days to heading (DH) were found among 317 introgression lines (INLs) originating from new-plant-type varieties with a genetic background of Indica Group rice variety IR 64. Sterility was induced by continuous dry winds from the typhoon. The most seriously affected were 194 INLs with DH ranging from 83 to 86 days. Positive correlations with the spikelet sterility score (SSS) were found for culm length (CL), panicle length (PL), and panicle weight (PW). Based on these traits and DH, the 194 INLs were classified into three groups: A1, A2, and B. The means of SSS and four traits (CL, PL, culm and leaf weight (CW), and panicle weight (PW)) were the lowest in group A1, and highest in group B. PN was significantly higher in group B than those in the others. Seven quantitative trait loci (QTL) for SSS were detected on chromosomes (chr.) 1, 2, 4, 7 (two), 8, and 11. Among them, the QTL of chr. 4 was located in the same regions as those of DH, CL, PL, CW, and panicle number (PN). Thus, the region on chr.4 might induce sterility in the INLs by modifying plant architecture, such as large panicles or high plant height with the minor effect of many tillers. The relationships among traits, and the QTLs will be useful information for genetic improvement of tolerance to typhoon damage in rice. 続きを見る
41.

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論文(リポジトリ)
Tokuyama, Takenobu ; Shy, Jhy-Yun ; Lin, Hui-Chen ; Henmi, Yasuhisa ; Mather, Peter ; Hughes, Jane ; Tsuchiya, Makoto ; Imai, Hideyuki
出版情報: Crustacean Research.  49  pp.141-153,  2020-09-03.  Carcinological Society of Japan — 日本甲殻類学会
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/46908
概要: The fiddler crab, Austruca lactea inhabits tidal flat areas and is widely distributed across Japan, the Korean Peninsula , China, Taiwan and northern Vietnam. Fiddler crab habitat is being lost rapidly due to human impacts and this species is currently listed as endangered in Japan. We studied the population genetic structure of A. lactea using mitochondrial DNA control region markers to define management units. A. lactea individuals were sampled from Osaka, Hiroshima and Kumamoto in Japan, and from Taichung and the Penghu Islands in Taiwan. All local samples exhibited high levels of genetic diversity, and no sampled populations showed evidence for a significant decline in effective population size that can result from population bottleneck effects. Pairwise FST estimates distinguished three discrete A. lactea populations corresponding with, the Seto Inland Sea (Osaka and Hiroshima), Kyushu (Kumamoto) and Taiwan. The three populations showed clear differences in historical population expansion times and their population dynamics after expansion. Results of the study indicate that A. lactea dispersal is limited geographically and that high levels of genetic diversity are maintained both within and among populations.
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42.

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論文(リポジトリ)
Iida, Hitoshi ; Iga, Junichi ; Hasegawa, Naomi ; Yasuda, Yuka ; Yamamoto, Tomoya ; Miura, Kenichiro ; Matsumoto, Junya ; Murata, Atsunobu ; Ogasawara, Kazuyoshi ; Yamada, Hisashi ; Hori, Hikaru ; Ichihashi, Kayo ; Hashimoto, Naoki ; Ohi, Kazutaka ; Yasui-Furukori, Norio ; Tsuboi, Takashi ; Nakamura, Toshinori ; Usami, Masahide ; Furihata, Ryuji ; Takaesu, Yoshikazu ; Iwamoto, Kunihiro ; Sugiyama, Nobuhiro ; Kishimoto, Taishiro ; Tsujino, Naohisa ; Yamada, Hiroki ; Hishimoto, Akitoyo ; Nemoto, Kiyotaka ; Atake, Kiyokazu ; Muraoka, Hiroyuki ; Katsumoto, Eiichi ; Oishi, Satoru ; Inagaki, Takahiko ; Ito, Fumiaki ; Imamura, Yayoi ; Kido, Mikio ; Nagasawa, Tatsuya ; Numata, Shusuke ; Ochi, Shinichiro ; Iwata, Masaaki ; Yamamori, Hidenaga ; Fujita, Junichi ; Onitsuka, Toshiaki ; Yamamura, Satoshi ; Makinodan, Manabu ; Fujimoto, Michiko ; Takayanagi, Yoichiro ; Takezawa, Kenji ; Komatsu, Hiroshi ; Fukumoto, Kentaro ; Tamai, Shinichiro ; Yamagata, Hirotaka ; Kubota, Chika ; Horai, Tadasu ; Inada, Ken ; Watanabe, Koichiro ; Kawasaki, Hiroaki ; Hashimoto, Ryota
出版情報: Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences.  74  pp.667-669,  2020-09-03.  Wiley Online Library
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/0002019973
43.

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論文(リポジトリ)
尾方, 隆幸
出版情報: 科学.  90  pp.754-756,  2020-09-01.  岩波書店
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/46765
概要: 論文
44.

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論文(リポジトリ)
Matsushita, Madoka ; Muramoto, Akiko ; Nomura, Eri ; Eguchi, Yukari ; Kato, Ayako ; Sano, Yoshiko ; Kabayama, Mai ; Arakawa, Masashi ; Oguma, Yuko ; Yabe, Daisuke ; Matsunaga, Masaaki ; Yatsuya, Hiroshi ; Arima, Hiroshi ; Tsushita, Kazuyo
出版情報: Nutrition & Diabetes.  10  2020-08-29.  Springer Nature
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/47845
概要: Background: The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the Smart Life Stay (SLS) program, which is an e xperience-oriented stayover program, in combination with health tourism and mandatory health guidance on glucose metabolism after 2 years. Methods: The participants of the SLS program (n = 792) were recruited from a database of 23 medical insurers. They underwent a mandatory health examination termed Specific Health Checkups in 2014. The participants were included if they had diabetes or were at a high risk of diabetes and if they satisfied the following inclusion criteria: (1) body mass index (BMI; kg/m^2 ) > 25, or (2) waist circumference (WC; cm) > 85 for men and > 90 for women, or (3) hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c; %) > 5.6, or (4) fasting plasma glucose (FPG; mg/dl) > 100. Individuals who corresponded to one or more items were included as study participants. The control subjects (n = 3645) were nonparticipants of the program who were selected from the database and met the inclusion criteria. The lifestyle changes and changes in mean BMI, WC, FPG, and HbA1c in both groups from baseline to 2-year follow-up were compared by inverse probability weighting of a propensity score. Results: The percentage of people who exercised regularly increased significantly in the SLS group compared with the control group. In the SLS group, BW, BMI, and WC significantly decreased by 1.75 kg, 0.60 kg/m^2 , and 1.45 cm, respectively, whereas in the control group, WC, FPG, and HbA1c increased significantly by 0.38 cm, 3.37 mg/dl, and 0.12%, respectively. The comparison between groups revealed that the BW, BMI, WC, FPG, and HbA1c improved significantly in the SLS group. Conclusions: The SLS program is suggested to help improve glucose metabolism. This program could be a feasible option as a lifestyle intervention program for diabetes.
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45.

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論文(リポジトリ)
Shimada, Masaru ; Yamashita, Akio ; Saito, Manami ; Ichino, Motohide ; Kinjo, Takao ; Mizuki, Nobuhisa ; Klinman, Dennis M. ; Okuda, Kenji
出版情報: Scientific Reports.  10  2020-08-26.  Springer Nature
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/47286
概要: Oncoprotein E6 of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) plays a critical role in inducing cell immortalization and malign ancy. E6 downregulates caspase-dependent pathway through the degradation of p53. However, the effect of HPV E6 on other pathways is still under investigation. In the present study, we found that HPV E6 directly binds to all three forms (precursor, mature, and apoptotic) of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) and co-localizes with apoptotic AIF. This binding induced MG132-sensitive reduction of AIF expression in the presence of E6 derived from HPV16 (16E6), a cancer-causing type of HPV. Conversely, E6 derived from a non-cancer-causing type of HPV, HPV6 (6E6), did not reduce the levels of AIF despite its interaction with AIF. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that 16E6, but not 6E6, suppressed apoptotic AIF-induced chromatin degradation (an indicator of caspase-independent apoptosis) and staurosporine (STS, a protein kinase inhibitor)-induced apoptosis. AIF knockdown reduced STS-induced apoptosis in both of 16E6-expressing and 6E6-expressing cells; however, the reduction in 16E6-expressing cells was lower than that in 6E6-expressing cells. These findings indicate that 16E6, but not 6E6, blocks AIF-mediated apoptosis, and that AIF may represent a novel therapeutic target for HPV-induced cervical cancer.
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46.

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論文(リポジトリ)
Gakuhari, Takashi ; Nakagome, Shigeki ; Rasmussen, Simon ; Allentoft, Morten E. ; Sato, Takehiro ; Korneliussen, Thorfinn ; Chuinneagain, Blanaid Ni ; Matsumae, Hiromi ; Koganebuchi, Kae ; Schmidt, Ryan ; Mizushima, Souichiro ; Kondo, Osamu ; Shigehara, Nobuo ; Yoneda, Minoru ; Kimura, Ryosuke ; Ishida, Hajime ; Masuyama, Tadayuki ; Yamada, Yasuhiro ; Tajima, Atsushi ; Shibata, Hiroki ; Toyoda, Atsushi ; Tsurumoto, Toshiyuki ; Wakebe, Tetsuaki ; Shitara, Hiromi ; Hanihara, Tsunehiko ; Willerslev, Eske ; Sikora, Martin ; Oota, Hiroki
出版情報: Communications Biology.  3  2020-08-25.  Springer Nature
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/50006
概要: Anatomically modern humans reached East Asia more than 40,000 years ago. However, key questions still remain unanswered with regard to the route(s) and the number of wave(s) in the dispersal into East Eurasia. Ancient genomes at the edge of the region may elucidate a more detailed picture of the peopling of East Eurasia. Here, we analyze the whole-genome sequence of a 2,500-year-old individual (IK002) from the main-island of Japan that is characterized with a typical Jomon culture. The phylogenetic analyses support multiple waves of migration, with IK002 forming a basal lineage to the East and Northeast Asian genomes examined, likely representing some of the earliest-wave migrants who went north from Southeast Asia to East Asia. Furthermore, IK002 shows strong genetic affinity with the indigenous Taiwan aborigines, which may support a coastal route of the Jomon-ancestry migration. This study highlights the power of ancient genomics to provide new insights into the complex history of human migration into East Eurasia.
論文
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47.

論文(リポジトリ)

論文(リポジトリ)
Gakuhari, Takashi ; Nakagome, Shigeki ; Rasmussen, Simon ; Allentoft, Morten E. ; Sato, Takehiro ; Korneliussen, Thorfinn ; Chuinneagain, Blanaid Ni ; Matsumae, Hiromi ; Koganebuchi, Kae ; Schmidt, Ryan ; Mizushima, Souichiro ; Kondo, Osamu ; Shigehara, Nobuo ; Yoneda, Minoru ; Kimura, Ryosuke ; Ishida, Hajime ; Masuyama, Tadayuki ; Yamada, Yasuhiro ; Tajima, Atsushi ; Shibata, Hiroki ; Toyoda, Atsushi ; Tsurumoto, Toshiyuki ; Wakebe, Tetsuaki ; Shitara, Hiromi ; Hanihara, Tsunehiko ; Willerslev, Eske ; Sikora, Martin ; Oota, Hiroki
出版情報: Communications Biology.  3  2020-08-25.  Springer Nature
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/46972
概要: Anatomically modern humans reached East Asia more than 40,000 years ago. However, key questions still remain unanswered with regard to the route(s) and the number of wave(s) in the dispersal into East Eurasia. Ancient genomes at the edge of the region may elucidate a more detailed picture of the peopling of East Eurasia. Here, we analyze the whole-genome sequence of a 2,500-year-old individual (IK002) from the main-island of Japan that is characterized with a typical Jomon culture. The phylogenetic analyses support multiple waves of migration, with IK002 forming a basal lineage to the East and Northeast Asian genomes examined, likely representing some of the earliest-wave migrants who went north from Southeast Asia to East Asia. Furthermore, IK002 shows strong genetic affinity with the indigenous Taiwan aborigines, which may support a coastal route of the Jomon-ancestry migration. This study highlights the power of ancient genomics to provide new insights into the complex history of human migration into East Eurasia.
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48.

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論文(リポジトリ)
山脇, 拓実 ; Yamawaki, Takumi ; 大河内, 博 ; Okochi, Hiroshi ; 山本, 修司 ; Yamamoto, Shuji ; 山之越, 恵理 ; Yamanokoshi, Eri ; 島田, 幸治郎 ; Shimada, Kojiro ; 緒方, 裕子 ; Ogata, Hiroko ; 勝見, 尚也 ; Katsumi, Naoya ; 皆巳, 幸也 ; Minami, Yukiya ; 加藤, 俊吾 ; Kato, Shungo ; 三浦, 和彦 ; Miura, Kazuhiko ; 戸田, 敬 ; Toda, Kei ; 和田, 龍一 ; Wada, Ryuichi ; 竹内, 政樹 ; Takeuchi, Masaki ; 小林, 拓 ; Kobayashi, Hiroshi ; 土器屋, 由紀子 ; Dokiya, Yukiko ; 畠山, 史郎 ; Hatakeyama, Shiro
出版情報: 大気環境学会誌 = Journal of Japan Society for Atmospheric Environment.  55  pp.191-203,  2020-08-25.  大気環境学会 = Japan Society for Atmospheric Environment
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/0002019368
概要: At the summit of Mt. Fuji in July and August from 2012 to 2018, 27 kinds of anthropogenic volatile organic compounds (AV OCs) and 6 types of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) in the air and in cloud water were determined. AVOCs occupied about 90% of the VOCs in the cloud water (volume-weighted mean VOCs concentration: 2.07 nM, n=159) and the main component was toluene, reflecting its high concentration in the ambient air. The concentration of the AVOCs in the cloud water was high when the airmass was transported from the southern continent and was about 1.5 times higher than that when it came from the ocean. The concentration of toluene in the cloud water decreased exponentially with the increase in the total ion concentration. The concentrations of some VOCs such as chloroform, o-xylene, and limonen in the cloud water were several times higher than their Henryʼs law predicted values. Among the chlorinated hydrocarbons, highly hydrophobic chloroform was more concentrated than dichloromethane in the cloud water. Atmospheric surfactants such as HULIS (Humic-like Substances) could affect the enrichment of the VOCs in the cloud water even in the free troposphere.
2010年から2018年までの7月と8月に富士山頂(標高3,776 m)で大気および雲水を採取して、27種類の人為起源揮発性有機化合物 (AVOCs) (塩素化炭化水素16種、単環芳香族炭化水素8種、二環芳香族炭化水素3種)と6種類の生物起源揮発性有機化合物を分析した。雲水中VOCs (体積加重平均VOCs濃度: 2.07 nM、n=159)の約9割はAVOCsであり、主成分はトルエンであった。これは富士山頂における大気中トルエン濃度が高いことを反映していた。雲水中AVOCs濃度は空気塊が大陸南部から輸送されたときに高く、最低濃度を示した海洋由来時の約1.5倍であった。雲水中トルエン濃度は総無機イオンの低下とともに指数関数的に減少した。雲水中クロロホルム、o-キシレン、リモネン濃度は大気中濃度とヘンリー定数から求めた計算値に比べて実測値は数倍高く、ヘンリー則からの予測値以上に濃縮されていた。疎水性が高いVOCsほど雲水に高濃縮されており、自由対流圏における雲水でもHULIS (フミン様物質)のような界面活性物質がVOCsの高濃縮に関与していることが示唆された。
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49.

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論文(リポジトリ)
Omori, Yasutaka ; Hosoda, Masahiro ; Takahashi, Fumiaki ; Sanada, Tetsuya ; Hirao, Shigekazu ; Ono, Koji ; Furukawa, Masahide
出版情報: Journal of Radiological Protection.  40  pp.R99-R140,  2020-08-14.  IOP Publishing
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/47545
概要: The radiation doses from natural radiation sources in Japan are reviewed using the latest knowledge. The United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) and the Nuclear Safety Research Association report the annual effective doses from cosmic rays, terrestrial radiation, inhalation, and ingestion as natural sources. In this paper, the total annual effective dose from cosmic-ray exposure is evaluated as 0.29 mSv. The arithmetic mean of the annual effective dose from external exposure to terrestrial radiation is 0.33 mSv for the Japanese population using the data of nationwide surveys by the National Institute of Radiological Sciences. Previously in Japan, although three different groups have conducted nationwide indoor radon surveys using passive-type radon monitors, to date only the Japan Chemical Analysis Center (JCAC) has performed a nationwide radon survey using a unified method for radon measurements conducted indoor, outdoor, and in the workplace. Consequently, the JCAC results are used for the annual effective dose from radon and that for radon inhalation is estimated as 0.50 mSv using a current dose conversion factor. In this paper, UNSCEAR values are used for the mean indoor and outdoor thoron-progeny concentrations, and the annual effective dose from thoron is reported as 0.09 mSv. Thus, the annual effective dose from radon and thoron inhalation is 0.59 mSv. From a JCAC large-scale survey of foodstuffs, the committed effective dose from the main radionuclides in dietary intake is 0.99 mSv. Finally, the Japanese population dose from natural radiation is given as 2.2 mSv, which is similar to the reported global average of 2.4 mSv.
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50.

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論文(リポジトリ)
Nakamura, Hideta ; Kinjo, Takeshi ; Arakaki, Wakako ; Miyagi, Kazuya ; Tateyama, Masao ; Fujita, Jiro
出版情報: Critical Care.  24  2020-08-04.  Critical Care Canada Forum
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/47368
概要: 論文
51.

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論文(リポジトリ)
Nakamura, Hideta ; Kinjo, Takeshi ; Arakaki, Wakako ; Miyagi, Kazuya ; Tateyama, Masao ; Fujita, Jiro
出版情報: Critical Care.  24  2020-08-04.  BioMed Central Ltd
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/0002019622
52.

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論文(リポジトリ)
Elshawy, Mohamed ; Toshima, Takeo ; Asayama, Yoshiki ; Kubo, Yuichiro ; Ikeda, Shinichiro ; Ikegami, Toru ; Arakaki, Shingo ; Yoshizumi, Tomoharu ; Mori, Masaki
出版情報: Surgical Case Reports.  6  2020-08-04.  SpringerOpen
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/0002019625
53.

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論文(リポジトリ)
Gamage, Chandika D. ; Sato, Yukuto ; Kimura, Ryosuke ; Yamashiro, Tetsu ; Toma, Claudia
出版情報: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases.  14  2020-07-23.  Public Library of Science
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/47020
概要: Background:Leptospirosis is one of the most significant zoonoses across the world not only because of its impact on huma n and animal health but also because of the economic and social impact on agrarian communities. Leptospirosis is endemic in Sri Lanka where paddy farming activities, the use of draught animals in agriculture, and peridomestic animals in urban and rural areas play important roles in maintaining the infection cycle of pathogenic Leptospira, especially concerning animals as a potential reservoir. In this study, an environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding methodology was applied in two different agro-ecological regions of Sri Lanka to understand the eco-epidemiology of leptospirosis.\nMethodology/Principal findings:Irrigation water samples were collected in Kandy District (wet zone mid-country region 2) and Girandurukotte, Badulla District (intermediate zone low-country region 2); and analysed for the presence of pathogenic Leptospira, associated microbiome and the potential reservoir animals. Briefly, we generated PCR products for high-throughput sequencing of multiple amplicons through next-generation sequencing. The analysis of eDNA showed different environmental microbiomes in both regions and a higher diversity of Leptospira species circulating in Kandy than in Girandurukotte. Moreover, the number of sequence reads of pathogenic Leptospira species associated with clinical cases such as L. interrogans was higher in Kandy than in Girandurukotte. Kandy also showed more animal species associated with pathogenic bacterial species than Girandurukotte. Finally, several pathogenic bacterial species including Arcobacter cryaerophilus, responsible for abortion in animals, was shown to be associated with pathogenic Leptospira.\nConclusions/Significance:Leptospirosis has been considered to be endemic in wet regions, consistently, leptospiral sequences were detected strongly in Kandy. The great Leptospira species diversity in Kandy observed in this study shows that the etiological agents of leptospirosis in Sri Lanka might be underestimated. Furthermore, our eDNA metabarcoding can be used to discriminate bacterial and animal species diversity in different regions and to explore environmental microbiomes to identify other associated bacterial pathogens in the environment.
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54.

学位論文(リポジトリ)

学位
Karimata, Yosuke ; 狩俣, 洋介
出版情報: 2020-07-17.  University of the Ryukyus
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/48282
概要: 学位論文
55.

学位論文(リポジトリ)

学位
Taira, Yusuke ; 平良, 祐介
出版情報: 2020-07-17.  University of the Ryukyus
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/48289
概要: 学位論文
56.

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論文(リポジトリ)
Yamauchi, Momoko ; Kinjo, Takeshi ; Parrott, Gretchen ; Miyagi, Kazuya ; Haranaga, Shusaku ; Nakayama, Yuko ; Chibana, Kenji ; Fujita, Kaori ; Nakamoto, Atsushi ; Higa, Futoshi ; Owan, Isoko ; Yonemoto, Koji ; Fujita, Jiro
出版情報: PLoS ONE.  15  2020-07-09.  Public Library of Science
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/47365
概要: Serum markers that differentiate between tuberculous and non-tuberculous pneumonia would be clinically useful. However, few serum markers have been investigated for their association with either disease. In this study, serum levels of interferon gamma (IFN-γ), matrix metalloproteinases 1 and 9 (MMP-1 and MMP-9, respectively), and periostin were compared between 40 pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and 28 non-tuberculous pneumonia (non-PTB) patients. Diagnostic performance was assessed by analysis of receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves and classification trees. Serum IFN-γ and MMP-1 levels were significantly higher and serum MMP-9 levels significantly lower in PTB than in non- PTB patients (p < 0.001, p = 0.002, p < 0.001, respectively). No significant difference was observed in serum periostin levels between groups. ROC curve analysis could not determine the appropriate cut-off value with high sensitivity and specificity; therefore, a classification tree method was applied. This method identified patients with limited infiltration into three groups with statistical significance (p = 0.01), and those with MMP-1 levels < 0.01 ng/ mL and periostin levels ≥ 118.8 ng/mL included only non-PTB patients (95% confidence interval 0.0–41.0). Patients with extensive infiltration were also divided into three groups with statistical significance (p < 0.001), and those with MMP-9 levels < 3.009 ng/mL included only PTB patients (95% confidence interval 76.8–100.0). In conclusion, the novel classification tree developed using MMP-1, MMP-9, and periostin data distinguished PTB from non- PTB patients. Further studies are needed to validate our cut-off values and the overall clinical usefulness of these markers.
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57.

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論文(リポジトリ)
Elshawy, Mohamed ; Toshima, Takeo ; Asayama, Yoshiki ; Kubo, Yuichiro ; Ikeda, Shinichiro ; Ikegami, Toru ; Arakaki, Shingo ; Yoshizumi, Tomoharu ; Mori, Masaki
出版情報: Surgical Case Reports.  6  2020-07-08.  Springer Nature
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/47027
概要: Background:To treat small-for-size syndrome (SFSS) after living donor liver transplantation (LDLT), many procedures were described for portal flow modulation before, during, or after transplantation. The selection of the procedure as well as the best timing remains controversial.\nCase presentation:A 43-year-old female with end-stage liver disease underwent LDLT with extended left with caudate lobe graft from her donor who was her 41-year-old brother (graft volume/standard liver volume (GV/SLV), 35.7%; graft to recipient weight ratio (GRWR), 0.67%). During the surgery, splenectomy could not be performed owing to severe peri-splenic adhesions to avoid the ruined bleedings. The splenic artery ligation was not also completely done because it was dorsal to the pancreas and difficult to be approached. Finally, adequate portal vein (PV) inflow was confirmed after portal venous thrombectomy. As having post-transplant optional procedures that are accessible for PV flow modulation, any other procedures for PV modulation during LDLT were not done until the postoperative assessment of the graft function and PV flow for possible postoperative modulation of the portal flow accordingly. Postoperative PV flow kept as high as 30 cm/s. By the end of the 1st week, there was a progressive deterioration of the total bilirubin profile (peak as 19.4 mg/dL) and ascitic fluid amount exceeded 1000 mL/day. Therefore, splenic artery embolization was done effectively and safely on the 10th postoperative day (POD) to reverse early allograft dysfunction as PV flow significantly decreased to keep within 20 cm/s and serum total bilirubin levels gradually declined with decreased amounts of ascites below 500 mL on POD 11 and thereafter. The patient was discharged on POD 28 with good condition.\nConclusions:SFSS can be prevented or reversed by the portal inflow modulation, even by post-transplant procedure. This case emphasizes that keeping accessible angiographic treatment options for PV modulation, such as splenic artery embolization, after LDLT is quite feasible.
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58.

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論文(リポジトリ)
中島, 広喜 ; 大澤, 正幸 ; 成瀬, 貫 ; Nakajima, Hiroki ; Osawa, Masayuki ; Naruse, Tohru
出版情報: Fauna Ryukyuana.  56  pp.1-7,  2020-07-03.  Ryukyu University Museum, Fujukan — 琉球大学資料館 (風樹館)
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/46855
概要: 神奈川県逗子市,千葉県館山市,小笠原諸島母島,琉球列島沖縄島・西表島から得られた標本に基づき,口脚目ヒメシャコ科の2種,ミツツノヒメシャコAlachosquilla vicina (Nobili, 1904)およびシマトラフヒメシャコBig elowina phalangium (Fabricius, 1798) について報告する.ミツツノヒメシャコは本州および小笠原諸島沿岸からの初記録となる.本報告により,2種の北限記録はいずれも神奈川県逗子市に更新された.
Two mantis shrimp species of the family Nannosquillidae, Alachosquilla vicina (Nobili, 1904) and Bigelowina phalangium (Fabricius, 1798), are reported on the basis of material from Japanese localities including the Ryukyu Islands, Ogasawara Islands, and Chiba and Kanagawa Prefectures. Alachosquilla vicina is recorded from Honshu mainland and the Ogasawara Islands for the first time. The records of the two nannosquillid species from Zushi, Kanagawa, Honshu mainland, also extend their distributional ranges to the north.
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59.

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論文(リポジトリ)
河合, 上総 ; Kawai, Kazusa
出版情報: Fauna Ryukyuana.  56  pp.9-11,  2020-07-03.  Ryukyu University Museum, Fujukan — 琉球大学資料館 (風樹館)
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/46856
概要: 日本在来種であるヤエヤマサソリ及びマダラサソリを波照間島の調査で発見したので報告する.前者の島別分布域はこれで宮古島,伊良部島,宮古島市下地島,多良間島,石垣島,西表島,小浜島,竹富島,黒島,波照間島,与那国島の計11島となり,後者は石垣島 ,西表島,新城(上地)島,波照間島,与那国島,父島,母島,硫黄島の計8島となった.
Two scorpion species, Liocheles australasiae (Fabricius, 1775) (Hormuridae) and Isometrus maculatus (De Geer, 1778) (Buthidae), are reported from Hateruma-jima Island for the first time.
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60.

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論文(リポジトリ)
西山, 桂一 ; 西垣, 孝治 ; Nishiyama, Keiichi ; Nishigaki, Koji
出版情報: Fauna Ryukyuana.  56  pp.13-15,  2020-07-03.  Ryukyu University Museum, Fujukan — 琉球大学資料館 (風樹館)
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/46857
概要: A cave-dwelling spider, Coelotes troglocaecus Shimojana & Nishihira, 2000, was newly recorded from Amuji-gama Cave on Mi yagi Island, located off Katsuren Peninsula, Okinawa Island, central Ryukyus, Japan, after previously being reported from seven caves on Okinawa Island. This species is characterized by cave-adapted white body color and lack of eyes. This spider has been found from locations where whitened homopteran insects inhabit.
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61.

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論文(リポジトリ)
Ichihashi, Kayo ; Hori, Hikaru ; Hasegawa, Naomi ; Yasuda, Yuka ; Yamamoto, Tomoya ; Tsuboi, Takashi ; Iwamoto, Kunihiro ; Kishimoto, Taishiro ; Horai, Tadasu ; Yamada, Hiroki ; Sugiyama, Nobuhiro ; Nakamura, Toshinori ; Tsujino, Naohisa ; Nemoto, Kiyotaka ; Oishi, Satoru ; Usami, Masahide ; Katsumoto, Eiichi ; Yamamori, Hidenaga ; Tomita, Hiroaki ; Suwa, Taro ; Furihata, Ryuji ; Inagaki, Takahiko ; Fujita, Junichi ; Onitsuka, Toshiaki ; Miura, Kenichiro ; Matsumoto, Junya ; Ohi, Kazutaka ; Matsui, Yuki ; Takaesu, Yoshikazu ; Hashimoto, Naoki ; Iga, Junichi ; Ogasawara, Kazuyoshi ; Yamada, Hisashi ; Watanabe, Koichiro ; Inada, Ken ; Hashimoto, Ryota
出版情報: Neuropsychopharmacology Reports.  40  pp.281-286,  2020-06-30.  © 2020 The Authors. Neuropsychopharmacology Reports published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of the Japanese Society of NeuropsychoPharmacology.
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/0002019963
概要: Background: Guideline for Pharmacological Therapy for Schizophrenia was published by the Japanese Society of Neuropsycho pharmacology in 2015. “Effectiveness of Guidelines for Dissemination and Education in psychiatric treatment (EGUIDE)” project aimed to standardize medical practice using quality indicators (QIs) as indices to evaluate the quality of medical practice. In this study, we have reported the quality indicator values of prescription before the beginning of the guideline lectures in the EGUIDE project to ascertain the baseline status of treating patients with schizophrenia. Methods: A cross-sectional, retrospective case record survey was conducted, involving 1164 patients with schizophrenia at the time of discharge. We checked all types and dosage of psychotropic drugs. Results: Forty-three percent of patients had antipsychotic polypharmacy, and substantial concomitant medication was observed (antidepressants; 8%, mood stabilizers: 37%, anxiolytics or hypnotics: 68%). Conclusions: In the results obtained in this study, we plant to report changes in the effectiveness of education in the EGUIDE project near the future. 続きを見る
62.

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論文(リポジトリ)
岡本, 牧子
出版情報: 日本科学教育学会研究会研究報告.  34  pp.81-86,  2020-06-20. 
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/46328
概要: 日本の手漉き和紙技術は,ユネスコの無形文化遺産に登録されるなど世界に発信できる日本独自の文化である.特に南西諸島及び台湾に生息するアオガンピ(青雁皮)を原料とする琉球紙の製造技術は,沖縄県独自のテーマとして特色のある教材となるが,原料の調達 が困難なため持続可能な教材として未だに確立していない.本研究では,学校現場での原料調達を可能にするべく,中学校技術科の生物育成分野の学習教材として取り扱えるよう,アオガンピの栽培方法やコスト,学習指導計画等を提案し,沖縄県独自の和紙製造技術を教材化することを目的としている.本論文では,アオガンピの栽培方法について専門用語をなるべく使用せず,学校現場でも準備可能な道具や方法についてまとめたので報告する.
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63.

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論文(リポジトリ)
Noguchi, Hirofumi ; Miyagi-Shiohira, Chika ; Nakashima, Yoshiki ; Kinjo, Takao ; Saitoh, Issei ; Watanabe, Masami
出版情報: Communications Biology.  3  2020-06-16.  Springer Nature
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/47285
概要: Genome editing technologies such as CRISPR–Cas9 are widely used to establish causal associations between mutations and p henotypes. However, CRISPR–Cas9 is rarely used to analyze promoter regions. The insulin promoter region (approximately 1,000 bp) directs β cell-specific expression of insulin, which in vitro studies show is regulated by ubiquitous, as well as pancreatic, β cell-specific transcription factors. However, we are unaware of any confirmatory in vivo studies. Here, we used CRISPR–Cas9 technology to generate mice with mutations in the promoter regions of the insulin I (Ins1) and II (Ins2) genes. We generated 4 homozygous diabetic mice with 2 distinct mutations in the highly conserved C1 elements in each of the Ins1 and Ins2 promoters (3 deletions and 1 replacement in total). Remarkably, all mice with homozygous or heterozygous mutations in other loci were not diabetic. Thus, the C1 element in mice is required for Ins transcription in vivo.
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64.

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論文(リポジトリ)
Furuichi, Kengo ; Shimizu, Miho ; Yamanouchi, Masayuki ; Hoshino, Junichi ; Sakai, Norihiko ; Iwata, Yasunori ; Toyama, Tadashi ; Kitajima, Shinji ; Hara, Akinori ; Yuzawa, Yukio ; Kitamura, Hiroshi ; Suzuki, Yoshiki ; Sato, Hiroshi ; Uesugi, Noriko ; Ueda, Yoshihiko ; Nishi, Shinichi ; Nishino, Tomoya ; Samejima, Kenichi ; Kohagura, Kentaro ; Shibagaki, Yugo ; Makino, Hirofumi ; Matsuo, Seiichi ; Ubara, Yoshifumi ; Yokoyama, Hitoshi ; Wada, Takashi
出版情報: BMJ Open Diabetes Research and Care.  8  2020-06-04.  BMJ Publishing Group
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/47090
概要: Introduction The speed of declining kidney function differs among patients with diabetic nephropathy. This study was und ertaken to clarify clinical and pathological features that affect the speed of declining kidney function in patients with diabetic nephropathy.\nResearch design and methods This study was design as multicenter retrospective study. The subjects (377 patients with diabetic nephropathy diagnosed by kidney biopsy at 13 centers in Japan) were classified into three groups based on the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) declining speed. The eGFR increasing group, the control group, and the eGFR declining group were divided at 0 and 5 mL/min/1.73 m2/year, respectively. Characteristics of clinicopathological findings of declining kidney function were evaluated.\nResults The mean observation period of this study was 6.9 years. The control group, the eGFR increasing group, and the eGFR declining group included 81, 66, and 230 patients, respectively. The incidences of composite kidney events represented by 100 persons/year were 25.8 in the eGFR declining group and 2.0 in the eGFR increasing group. After adjustment for age, sex, systolic blood pressure, hemoglobin, and urinary albumin levels, three clinicopathological findings (urinary albumin levels, presence of nodular lesion, and mesangiolysis) were risk factors for inclusion in the eGFR declining group (the ORs were 1.49, 2.18, and 2.08, respectively). In contrast, the presence of subendothelial space widening and polar vasculosis were characteristic findings for inclusion in the eGFR increasing group (the ORs were 0.53 and 0.41, respectively).\nConclusions As well as urinary albumin elevation, nodular lesion and mesangiolysis were characteristic pathological features of patients with fast declining kidney function.
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65.

学位論文(リポジトリ)

学位
Kosaka, Yoshinori ; 小坂, 祥範
出版情報: 2020-06-01.  University of the Ryukyus
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/47432
概要: 学位論文
66.

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論文(リポジトリ)
Nakagami, Satoru ; Saeki, Kentaro ; Toda, Kei ; Ishida, Takashi ; Sawa, Shinichiro
出版情報: Scientific Reports.  10  2020-06-01.  Nature Research
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/0002019623
概要: In plants, growth–defense tradeofs are essential for optimizing plant performance and adaptation under stress conditions , such as pathogen attack. Root-knot nematodes (RKNs) cause severe economic losses in many crops worldwide, although little is known about the mechanisms that control plant growth and defense responses during nematode attack. Upon investigation of Arabidopsis thaliana infected with RKN (Meloidogyne incognita), we observed that the atypical transcription factor DP-E2F-like 1 (DEL1) repressed salicylic acid (SA) accumulation in RKN-induced galls. The DEL1-defcient Arabidopsis mutant (del1-1) exhibited excessive SA accumulation in galls and is more resistant to RKN infection. In addition, excessive lignifcation was observed in galls of del1-1. On the other hand, the root growth of del1-1 is reduced after RKN infection. Taken together, these fndings suggest that DEL1 plays an important role in the balance between plant growth and defense responses to RKN infection by controlling SA accumulation and lignifcation. 続きを見る
67.

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論文(リポジトリ)
Atwa, Mohamed ; Nakagawa, Tessui ; Yonamine, Akira ; Lloyd, David C. ; Schreiber, Makoto ; Miyazaki, Koji ; Takeuchi, Tsunehiro ; Okada, Yoshinori
出版情報: Applied Physics Express.  13  pp.067002-5-,  2020-05-20.  Japan Society of Applied Physics — 公益社団法人応用物理学会
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/47206
概要: We compare Bi_2Te_3 powders prepared by conventional ball milling to powders milled in supercritical carbon dioxide (scC O_2). We demonstrate that scCO_2 milling overcomes size-reduction limitations reported for conventional milling. XRD and TEM reveal nanograins with smaller average sizes (< 10 nm) and narrower grain size distributions in the scCO_2 milled case. scCO_2 milling also preserves the crystallinity and shows less oxidation than conventional milling. This is the first report of Bi_2Te_3 with a sub-10 nm grain size whilst conserving high quality crystallinity, made using a top-down approach. Our study offers a route for developing unprecedentedly fine bulk nanostructured Bi_2Te_3-based thermoelectric materials.
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68.

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論文(リポジトリ)
福島, 浩太 ; 福島, 聡 ; 町頭, 芳朗 ; 興, 克樹 ; 上野, 大輔 ; Fukushima, Kota ; Fukusima, Satoshi ; Machigashira, Yoshiro ; Oki, Katsuki ; Uyeno, Daisuke
出版情報: Fauna Ryukyuana.  55  pp.1-8,  2020-05-19.  Ryukyu University Museum, Fujukan — 琉球大学資料館 (風樹館)
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/46852
概要: 鹿児島県内の河川や湖沼11地点において,淡水魚の寄生虫であるイカリムシLernaea cyprinacea Linnaeus, 1758の分布状況に関する調査を行った.その結果,鹿児島県本土では薩摩半島南東部にある池田湖,また奄美大島北部の 龍郷町を流れる大美川中流域において,イカリムシの分布を確認した.本報告は,鹿児島県本土および薩南諸島からのイカリムシの初記録となる.シマヨシノボリとグリーンソードテールへのイカリムシの寄生は国内初記録である.
The anchor worm, Lernaea cyprinacea Linnaeus, 1758 is recorded based on specimens of the postmetamorphic adult female from two species of gobiids (Perciformes), i.e., Rhinogobius giurinus (Rutter, 1897) and Tridentiger brevispinis Katsuyama, Arai & Nakamura, 1972, from Lake Ikeda, Satsuma Peninsula, and the green swordtail Xiphophorus hellerii Heckel, 1848 (Cyprinodontiforme: Poeciliidae) and two species of gobiids, i.e., R. nagoyae Jordan & Seale, 1906 and R. brunneus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1845), from the middle reaches of the Omikawa River, Amami Oshima Island, Satsunan Islands, Kagoshima, southern Japan. These collections represent the first records of L. cyprinacea from Kagoshima Prefecture. The anchor worm was found for the first time in Japan from X. hellerii and R. nagoyae.
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69.

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論文(リポジトリ)
渋谷, 駿太 ; 緒方, 悠輝也 ; 三木, 凉平 ; 和田, 英敏 ; 本村, 浩之 ; Shibuya, Shunta ; Ogata, Yukiya ; Miki, Ryohei ; Wada, Hidetoshi ; Motomura, Hiroyuki
出版情報: Fauna Ryukyuana.  55  pp.9-16,  2020-05-19.  Ryukyu University Museum, Fujukan — 琉球大学資料館 (風樹館)
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/46853
概要: 宮崎県南部の沿岸と鹿児島県喜界島からヒキマユメイチ2個体(標準体長206.7–383.5mm)が採集された.本種は国内において八重山諸島と琉球列島(詳細な産地不明)からのみ記録されており,今回得られた標本は宮崎県と喜界島からの初めての記録で あり,前者は本種の分布の北限記録となる.さらに,写真資料の検討によって,本種は屋久島と沖永良部島にも分布することが明らかになった.したがって,ヒキマユメイチは,国内では九州南部から琉球列島全域に広く分布していると考えられる.
Two specimens (206.7–383.5 mm standard length) of the western Pacific species Gymnocranius superciliosus Borsa, Béarez, Paijo & Chen, 2013, herein described in detail, were collected from southern Miyazaki Prefecture (Kyushu) and Kikai Island (Amami Islands, Kagoshima Prefecture). This species has been known only from the Yaeyama Islands (southern Ryukyu Islands, Okinawa Prefecture) and unknown localities in the Ryukyu Islands in Japanese waters. The Miyazaki specimen represents the first record of the species from the mainland of Japan and the northernmost record for the species. Examination of photographs of Gymnocranius during this study revealed that G. superciliosus also occurred in Yaku Island (Osumi Islands) and Okinoerabu Island (Amami Islands). This study suggests that G. superciliosus is widely distributed from southern Kyushu to the entire Ryukyu Islands.
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70.

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論文(リポジトリ)
Hata, Harutaka ; 畑, 晴陵
出版情報: Fauna Ryukyuana.  55  pp.17-21,  2020-05-19.  Ryukyu University Museum, Fujukan — 琉球大学資料館 (風樹館)
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/46854
概要: A specimen of bramid fish from the Amami Islands, Kagoshima Prefecture, previously recorded as Brama japonica, was re-id entified as Brama dussumieri, being the first record of the latter from that area. To date, no confirmed record of B. japonica had existed from the islands.
奄美大島の魚類相を報告したNakae et al. (2018)においてシマガツオBrama japonicaとして報告された標本を精査したところ,ヒメシマガツオBrama dussumieriに再同定された.ヒメシマガツオは全世界の暖海に広く分布するが,琉球列島においてはこれまで沖縄島,久高島,および八重山列島からのみ記録されていた.したがって,本研究の記載標本は本種の奄美群島における初めての記録となる.また,シマガツオの奄美大島における正確な記録がないことが明らかとなった.
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71.

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論文(リポジトリ)
Nakasone, Shunya ; Yokoyama, Sumi ; Takahashi, Tomoyuki ; Ota, Masakazu ; Kakiuchi, Hideki ; Sugihara, Shinji ; Hirao, Shigekazu ; Momoshima, Noriyuki ; Tamari, Toshiya ; Shima, Nagayoshi ; Atarashi-Andoh, Mariko ; Fukutani, Satoshi ; Ishimine, Akinobu ; Furukawa, Masahide ; Tanaka, Masahiro ; Akata, Naofumi
出版情報: Plasma and Fusion Research.  15  2020-05-13.  The Japan Society of Plasma Science and Nuclear Fusion Research — プラズマ・核融合学会
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/47465
概要: This paper presents an evaluation of a rapid pretreatment method for tritium analysis, that uses ion exchange resins (th e batch method). The standard water samples were prepared with river water collected in Okinawa, Japan. Powdex resin was used in this study, which is an ion exchange resins in the form of powder beads. First, 100 mL of the standard sample was stirred with the cation exchange (PCH) and anion exchange (PAO) resins, as well as with activated carbon. To determine the optimal stirring time, we tested stirring times of 5, 10, 20 and 30 min. Additionally, to determine a suitable amount of ion exchange resin for environmental water samples, variations in the amount of resin and activated carbon were tested. Under the conditions of Experiment-3 (0.3 g, 0.3 g and 0.6 g of PCH, PAO and activated carbon, respectively) and with a stirring time of 5 min, electrical conductivity values of less than 1 mSm^<−1> were achieved. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of the removal of impurities in the sample water by ion exchange resins and confirm that such an effect can be achieved during a short period of time (i.e., in 5 min).
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72.

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論文(リポジトリ)
Naruse, Tohru ; 成瀬, 貫
出版情報: Crustacean Research.  49  pp.49-55,  2020-05-09.  Carcinological Society of Japan — 日本甲殻類学会
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/46280
概要: A new species of Hexapinus (Hexapodidae) is described from Hatoma Island, Ryukyu Islands, Japan. Hexapinus patuma, new s pecies, is morphologically close to H. latus Rahayu & Ng, 2014, but can be distinguished by the structures of the carapace and third maxilliped, as well as the degree of setation of ambulatory legs.
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73.

その他

その他
佐藤, 崇範 ; Satoh, Takanori
出版情報: 2020-05-07.  島嶼地域科学研究所 — Research Institute for Islands and Sustainability
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/45891
概要: 本リストは、ハワイ大学マノア校ハミルトン図書館が所蔵するマイクロフィルム、“Tochi kankei shorui sonota” に収録されている文書のタイトルをとりまとめたものです。\n\nこのマイクロフィルムには、主に南洋庁時代の土地 、山林その他財産の購入・賃貸借に関する日本語で書かれた文書が収録されています。南洋群島における当時の日本人の活動の一端を知るうえで大変貴重な資料ですが、これまで目録等は作成されおらず、学術的な利活用が難しい状態にありました。\n\nそこで島嶼地域科学研究所では、ハワイ大学マノア校ハミルトン図書館パシフィックコレクション担当者の協力のもと現地調査を行い、収録タイトルリスト(暫定版)を作成しました。今後、さらに個別資料の詳細調査等を進め、掲載情報を更新していく予定です。
データ収集日:2019年12月8~11日\n2020/05/07 第2版公開\n2020/03/31 初版公開
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74.

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Trautmann, Agnes ; Vivarelli, Marina ; Samuel, Susan ; Gipson, Debbie ; Sinha, Aditi ; Schaefer, Franz ; Hui, Ng Kar ; Boyer, Olivia ; Saleem, Moin A ; Feltran, Luciana ; Müller-Deile, Janina ; Becker, Jan Ulrich ; Cano, Francisco ; Xu, Hong ; Lim, Yam Ngo ; Smoyer, William ; Anochie, Ifeoma ; Nakanishi, Koichi ; Hodson, Elisabeth ; Haffner, Dieter ; International Pediatric Nephrology Association
出版情報: Pediatric Nephrology.  35  pp.1529-1561,  2020-05-07.  Springer
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/46947
概要: Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome newly affects 1–3 per 100,000 children per year. Approximately 85% of cases show complete remission of proteinuria following glucocorticoid treatment. Patients who do not achieve complete remission within 4–6 weeks of glucocorticoid treatment have steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS). In 10–30% of steroid-resistant patients, mutations in podocyte-associated genes can be detected, whereas an undefined circulating factor of immune origin is assumed in the remaining ones. Diagnosis and management of SRNS is a great challenge due to its heterogeneous etiology, frequent lack of remission by further immunosuppressive treatment, and severe complications including the development of end-stage kidney disease and recurrence after renal transplantation. A team of experts including pediatric nephrologists and renal geneticists from the International Pediatric Nephrology Association (IPNA), a renal pathologist, and an adult nephrologist have now developed comprehensive clinical practice recommendations on the diagnosis and management of SRNS in children. The team performed a systematic literature review on 9 clinically relevant PICO (Patient or Population covered, Intervention, Comparator, Outcome) questions, formulated recommendations and formally graded them at a consensus meeting, with input from patient representatives and a dietician acting as external advisors and a voting panel of pediatric nephrologists. Research recommendations are also given.
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75.

学位論文(リポジトリ)

学位
Uehara, Karina ; 上原, 佳里奈
出版情報: scientific reports.  9  2020-04-23.  University of the Ryukyus
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/46707
概要: Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) causes both AIDS-related Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) and classic KS, but their clinical presentations are different, and respective mechanisms remain to be elucidated. The KSHV K1 gene is reportedly involved in tumorigenesis through the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM). Since we found the sequence variations in the K1 gene of KSHV isolated from AIDS-related KS and classic KS, we hypothesized that the transformation activity of the K1 gene contributes to the different clinical presentations. To evaluate our hypothesis, we compared the transformation activities of the K1 gene between AIDS-related KS and classic KS. We also analyzed ITAM activities and the downstream AKT and NF-κB. We found that the transformation activity of AIDS-related K1 was greater than that of classic K1, and that AIDS-related K1 induced higher ITAM activity than classic K1, causing more potent Akt and NF-κB activities. K1 downregulation by siRNA in AIDS-related K1 expressing cells induced a loss of transformation properties and decreased both Akt and NF-κB activities, suggesting a correlation between the transformation activity of K1 and ITAM signaling. Our study indicates that the increased transformation activity of AIDS-related K1 is associated with its clinical aggressiveness, whereas the weak transformation activity of classic type K1 is associated with a mild clinical presentation and spontaneous regression. The mechanism of spontaneous regression of classic KS may provide new therapeutic strategy to cancer.
学位論文
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76.

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論文(リポジトリ)
Isshiki, Mariko ; Naka, Izumi ; Watanabe, Yusuke ; Nishida, Nao ; Kimura, Ryosuke ; Furusawa, Takuro ; Natsuhara, Kazumi ; Yamauchi, Taro ; Nakazawa, Minato ; Ishida, Takafumi ; Eddie, Ricky ; Ohtsuka, Ryutaro ; Ohashi, Jun
出版情報: Scientific Reports.  10  2020-04-23.  Springer Nature
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/46968
概要: People in the Solomon Islands today are considered to have derived from Asian- and Papuan-related ancestors. Papuan-rela ted ancestors colonized Near Oceania about 47,000 years ago, and Asian-related ancestors were Austronesian (AN)-speaking population, called Lapita, who migrated from Southeast Asia about 3,500 years ago. These two ancestral populations admixed in Near Oceania before the expansion of Lapita people into Remote Oceania. To understand the impact of the admixture on the adaptation of AN-speaking Melanesians in Near Oceania, we performed the genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis of 21 individuals from Munda, the main town of the New Georgia Islands in the western Solomon Islands. Population samples from Munda were genetically similar to other Solomon Island population samples. The analysis of genetic contribution from the two different ancestries to the Munda genome revealed significantly higher proportions of Asian- and Papuan-related ancestries in the region containing the annexin A1 (ANXA1) gene (Asian component > 82.6%) and in the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II region (Papuan component > 85.4%), respectively. These regions were suspected to have undergone natural selection since the time of admixture. Our results suggest that admixture had affected adaptation of AN-speaking Melanesians in the Solomon Islands.
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77.

学位論文(リポジトリ)

学位
Arakaki, Kaoru ; 新垣, かおる
出版情報: 2020-04-21.  University of the Ryukyus
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/47446
概要: 学位論文
78.

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論文(リポジトリ)
Chinen, Yasutsugu ; Yanagi, Kumiko ; Nakamura, Sadao ; Nakayama, Noriko ; Kamiya, Motoko ; Nakayashiro, Mami ; Kaname, Tadashi ; Naritomi, Kenji ; Nakanishi, Koichi
出版情報: Human Genome Variation.  7  2020-04-16.  Springer Nature
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/47023
概要: Carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase (CACT) deficiency is a fatty acid ß-oxidation disorder of the carnitine shuttle in m itochondria, with a high mortality rate in childhood. We evaluated three patients, including two siblings, with neonatal-onset CACT deficiency and revealed identical homozygous missense mutations of p.Arg275Gln within the SLC25A20 gene. One patient died from hypoglycemia and arrhythmia at 26 months; his pathological autopsy revealed increased and enlarged mitochondria in the heart but not in the liver.
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79.

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論文(リポジトリ)
Chen, Bixia ; Wang, Yi-Chung
出版情報: Forests.  11  2020-04-16.  MDPI
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/47330
概要: Research Highlights: This study contributes to the improvement of the understanding of ecosystem functions of trees grow ing outside the forest, by quantifying the carbon sequestration function of a homestead windbreak, for example, a linear forest belt planted bordering a farmhouse in small islands. Background and objectives: Carbon storage in small-scale stands of forests have been less studied compared to that in large-scale forests. The aims of the present study were to clarify the ecological functions of carbon storage and the economic value of homestead windbreaks to propose effective conservation strategies for old-growth homestead windbreaks in the face of climate change. Materials and Methods: On the small islands of Okinawa Prefecture, the dominant tree species used for the homestead windbreaks is fukugi (Garcinia subelliptica Merr.). We collected data on the diameter at breast height (DBH) and the height of 23,518 fukugi trees in 10 villages from 2009 to 2018. Results: The total amount of carbon stored in the remnant fukugi homestead trees of the 10 surveyed hamlets was 6089 t-CO_2. The amount is equivalent to the carbon amount that is stored in a 40-year-old Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) forest, a representative tree species in Japan, of 20.9 ha area. Furthermore, the estimated economic value of the homestead trees was equivalent to USD 235,433, in terms of the plantation and management costs of 40-year-old Japanese cedar forests. This study revealed that homestead trees planted in an orderly line usually have a high density; hence, they have a high potential for biomass accumulation, carbon sequestration, and climate change mitigation. Moreover, homestead trees could contribute to a reduction in carbon diffusion, by cooling the house and reducing potential energy consumption. The findings related to homestead trees are consistent with those of other types of trees outside forests or small patches of trees: not adding to future land use competition and highly effective at carbon sequestration. Conclusions: The finding related to the carbon storage of homestead trees will provide basic information, as well as a new perspective on future local conservation and its contribution to climate change mitigation. This study suggests the necessity of the existing trees being properly managed, recruiting trees to be planted to replace old-growth trees, and replanting trees near newly established houses or old homesteads where trees have been cut.
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80.

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論文(リポジトリ)
澤崎, 夏希 ; 遠藤, 聡志 ; 當間, 愛晃 ; 山田, 孝治 ; 赤嶺, 有平
出版情報: 知能と情報.  32  pp.668-677,  2020-04-15.  日本知能情報ファジィ学会
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/47250
概要: 深層学習によって様々な分類問題が解決されているが,分類カテゴリ毎のデータ量が不均衡な問題を扱う場合,多くの課題がある.不均衡データへの対策として,少量カテゴリのデータ量を増加させ均衡化する手法がある.これをかさ増しと呼び画像処理分野ではノイ ズの付与や回転による方法が一般的である.最近ではGenerative Adversarial Network: GANによる画像生成手法を用いる場合がある.一方で,自然言語処理の分野では有効なかさ増し手法はいまだ確立されておらず,人手によるかさ増しが行われている.人手によるかさ増しではルールの設計など負担が大きく,機械的なかさ増し手法が必要となる.しかし,文章生成における機械的なかさ増しは画像生成に比べ不安定である.これは文章の特徴獲得の難しさが原因だと考えられる.そこで本論文ではグラフ情報に注目した機械学習による文章生成手法を提案する.CaboChaによって生成されたグラフ情報をGraph Convolutionにより畳み込み処理する.提案するGANにより生成されたかさ増し文章を3つの計算実験により評価し有効性を示した.
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81.

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論文(リポジトリ)
Tsuchida, Akiko ; Senda, Motohiro ; Ito, Akihiro ; Saito, Seiichi ; Kiso, Makoto ; Ando, Takayuki ; Harduin-Lepers, Anne ; Matsuda, Akio ; Furukawa, Keiko ; Furukawa, Koichi
出版情報: Scientific Reports.  10  2020-04-09.  Springer Nature
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/47492
概要: 論文
82.

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論文(リポジトリ)
大島, 千幸 ; 瑤寺, 裕 ; Oshima, Kazuyuki ; Tamadera, Yutaka
出版情報: Fauna Ryukyuana.  54  pp.1-2,  2020-04-07.  Ryukyu University Museum, Fujukan — 琉球大学資料館 (風樹館)
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/46848
概要: An adult female of Statilia nemoralis (Saussure, 1870) was first collected on Okinoerabu-jima Island. This specimen repr esents the northernmost distribution record in Japan and the first record from Okinoerabu-jima Island, Kagoshima Prefecture. Only one adult was collected in this study on Okinoerabu-jima Island, and no individuals at other developmental stages have been collected. Thus, it is uncertain whether a S. nemoralis population has been established on this island, or if this adult only temporarily occurred on Okinoerabu-jima Island.
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83.

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論文(リポジトリ)
前之園, 唯史 ; 佐伯, 智史 ; 石田, 憲 ; 西垣, 孝治 ; Maenosono, Tadafumi ; Saeki, Toshifumi ; Ishida, Akira ; Nishigaki, Koji
出版情報: Fauna Ryukyuana.  54  pp.3-5,  2020-04-07.  Ryukyu University Museum, Fujukan — 琉球大学資料館 (風樹館)
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/46849
概要: Two species of varunid mud crabs, Parahelice daviei (Sakai, Türkay & Yang, 2006) and P. pilimana (A. Milne-Edwards, 1873 ), were recorded based on specimens collected from several islands in the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan. Parahelice daviei from Kume-jima Island and P. pilimana from Okinawa-jima, Kume-jima and Miyako-jima islands represent the first records from these respective islands.
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84.

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論文(リポジトリ)
河合, 上総 ; Kawai, Kazusa
出版情報: Fauna Ryukyuana.  54  pp.7-9,  2020-04-07.  Ryukyu University Museum, Fujukan — 琉球大学資料館 (風樹館)
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/46850
概要: ヤエヤマサソリLiocheles australasiae (Fabricius, 1775)が新しく伊良部島,宮古島市下地島,および,与那国島にて採取されたので報告する.本種は日本国内ではこれまで7つの島でのみ分布が記録されていたが,本報 告によって分布が確認された島は10島に増えた.具体的には宮古島,伊良部島,下地島,多良間島,石垣島,西表島,小浜島,竹富島,黒島,与那国島の計10島である.また,これまでに発見されている個体は全てメスと考えられているが,本報告にて採取された個体も全てメスであった.
This paper records Liocheles australasiae (Fabricius, 1775) (Scorpiones: Hormuridae) from Irabu-jima Island, Shimoji-shima Island (Miyakojima City) and Yonaguni-jima Island for the first time.
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85.

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論文(リポジトリ)
佐藤, 大義 ; 宇田, 龍 ; 内田, 晃士 ; 芦田, 晃 ; Sato, Taigi ; Uda, Ryu ; Uchida, Koji ; Ashida, Akira
出版情報: Fauna Ryukyuana.  54  pp.11-14,  2020-04-07.  Ryukyu University Museum, Fujukan — 琉球大学資料館 (風樹館)
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/46851
概要: 石垣島からマルガオベンケイガニChiromantes leptomerus Davie & Ng, 2013を,宮古島からドウクツベンケイガニKarstarma boholano (Ng, 2002) を,黒島および石垣島からカスリベンケイ ガニLithoselatium pulchrum Schubart, Liu & Ng, 2009を,標本に基づきそれぞれ記録した.いずれの島も各種の新産地である.宮古島産ドウクツベンケイガニの2標本では甲幅に対する第3歩脚の長さに差が見られたため,そのことについても議論した.カスリベンケイガニの従来の記録は台湾および西表島であり,石垣島からの記録は本種の分布東限を更新した.
The present report records Chiromantes leptomerus Davie & Ng, 2013, from Ishigakijima Island, Karstarma boholano (Ng, 2002) from Miyakojima Island, and Lithoselatium pulchrum Schubart, Liu & Ng, 2009, from Kuroshima Island and Ishigakijima Island. These crabs are reported from these respective islands for the first time. Variations seen in the ratios of third ambulatory legs to carapace width of K. boholano are discussed. The record of L. pulchrum from Ishigakijima Island expands its distributional range to the east.
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論文(リポジトリ)
比嘉, 俊 ; Higa, Takashi
出版情報: 科学教育研究.  43  pp.457-467,  2020-04-01.  日本科学教育学会 — Japan Society for Science Education
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/45565
概要: We investigated descriptions of foreign invasive species in textbooks of Living Environment Studies in elementary school , Science in elementary school, Science in junior high school, and Science in high school. Additionally, we investigated the respective curriculum guidelines and their related commentaries. Results reveal no explanation specifically addressing invasive species in the curriculum guidelines of Living Environment Studies or Science in elementary schools. In junior high school, Science includes descriptions that include invasive species in curriculum guidelines and their related commentaries. In high school Science, textbooks introduce invasive species as a subject matter to study developmentally and in an exploratory manner. Textbooks show that learning contents are presented in higher order according to higher grades. However, some room remains for consideration because no formal basis exists for learning about invasive species. We would welcome more research to be dedicated to expanding education about foreign invasive species in educational environments.
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論文(リポジトリ)
土屋, 善和 / 千葉, 眞智子 ; Tsuchiya, Yoshikazu ; Chiba, Machiko
出版情報: 琉球大学教職センター紀要 — Bulletin of Center for Professional Development of Teachers.  pp.1-11,  2020-03-31.  琉球大学教職センター
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/45504
概要: 紀要論文
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論文(リポジトリ)
鄭, 谷心 ; Zheng, Guxin
出版情報: 琉球大学教職センター紀要 — Bulletin of Center for Professional Development of Teachers.  pp.13-23,  2020-03-31.  琉球大学教職センター
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/45492
概要: 紀要論文
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論文(リポジトリ)
中尾, 達馬
出版情報: 琉球大学教職センター紀要 — Bulletin of Center for Professional Development of Teachers.  pp.25-30,  2020-03-31. 
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/45493
概要: 本研究の目的は、母親へのアタッチメントが安定している児童ほど(母親に対するアタッチメント不安やアタッチメント回避が低い児童ほど)、学級満足度、学校生活意欲、ソーシャルスキルが高いかどうかを明らかにすることであった。調査対象者は、小学4 年生 から6 年生の児童196 名(平均年齢10.5 歳:男児90 名、女児106 名)であった。調査の結果、(1) 母親へのアタッチメント不安やアタッチメント回避が低いほど、学級満足度、学校生活意欲、ソーシャルスキルは高いこと、(2) 全体的に見て、アタッチメント回避は、アタッチメント不安に比べて、学級満足度、学校生活意欲、ソーシャルスキルと関連しやすいこと、(3) 学級満足度においては、アタッチメント回避は承認得点と、アタッチメント不安は被侵害得点と関連すること、が示された。以上の結果から、児童期において、母親へのアタッチメントの安定性が学校生活を支える基盤として機能している可能性、が示唆された。
The purpose of this study was to reveal whether or not the more children had attachment security totheir mother (i.e., the less children had attachment anxiety or attachment avoidance to their mother), themore they had class satisfaction, school life motivation, and social skills. Participants were 90 boys and106 girls in grades 4-6 (mean age = 10.5 years). Main findings were as follows: (1) The lower they hadattachment anxiety or attachment avoidance, the more they had class satisfaction, school life motivation,and social skills, (2) As a whole, attachment avoidance had more numbers of signifi cant correlation effi cientthan attachment anxiety in class satisfaction, school life motivation, and social skills, (3) Low attachmentavoidance related to high recognition score, and low attachment anxiety related to low intrusiveness scorein class satisfaction scale. These results could be interpreted that secure attachment to their mother couldprovide the developmental foundation that supported their school life in middle childhood.
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論文(リポジトリ)
岡花, 祈一郎 ; Okahana, Kiichiro
出版情報: 琉球大学教職センター紀要 — Bulletin of Center for Professional Development of Teachers.  pp.31-39,  2020-03-31.  琉球大学教職センター
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/45505
概要: 紀要論文
91.

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論文(リポジトリ)
上地, 完治
出版情報: 琉球大学教職センター紀要 — Bulletin of Center for Professional Development of Teachers.  pp.41-50,  2020-03-31.  琉球大学教職センター
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/45494
概要: 紀要論文
92.

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論文(リポジトリ)
平田, 幹夫 ; Hirata, Mikio
出版情報: 琉球大学教職センター紀要 — Bulletin of Center for Professional Development of Teachers.  pp.51-62,  2020-03-31.  琉球大学教職センター
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/45495
概要: 本研究では,生徒が描いた自画像の顔の部位に視点を当てた自画像対面法における構造化されたPDI によって,生徒が自画像全体から感じること,そして,目,眉,髪の毛,耳の各部位の左右においては,好きな部位があることが示された。そして,生徒は各々の 部位の好きな部位からはポジティブ感情をイメージし,もう一方(好きではない)の部位からはネガティブ感情をイメージすることが示され,生徒自身の自己理解を深めることにつながっていることが伺えた。特にネガティブ感情をイメージする部位においては,不登校の原因等と関連している可能性があることが明らかになった。
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93.

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論文(リポジトリ)
森, 力 ; 兼本, 清寿 ; Mori, Chikara ; Kanemoto, Kiyohisa
出版情報: 琉球大学教職センター紀要 — Bulletin of Center for Professional Development of Teachers.  pp.63-72,  2020-03-31.  琉球大学教職センター
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/45496
概要: 新学習指導要領の小学校算数科の目標に「数学的に考える資質・能力を育成する」ことが示され,その実現に向けた授業改善が求められている。そこで,「問題解決」に視点を当て,算数科における「概念や方略」を明示する授業実践を試みた。その結果,「板書で算 数用語や式,数直線等を明示すること」や、奈須(2015)の示した「オーセンティックな学習と明示的な指導の適切な組み合わせ」は,問題解決力を高めるには有効であることが見えてきた。本稿では,2つの単元の授業実践を通して,明示的な指導の効果と今後の算数科の授業改善について,考察を中心に報告するものである。
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94.

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論文(リポジトリ)
上江洲, 朝男 ; 仲松, 研 ; 太田, 寛 ; Uezu, Asao ; Nakamatsu, Ken ; Ota, Hiroshi
出版情報: 琉球大学教職センター紀要 — Bulletin of Center for Professional Development of Teachers.  pp.73-84,  2020-03-31.  琉球大学教職センター
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/45497
概要: 本研究では,平成30 年度の生徒質問紙における全国と沖縄県の中学生の回答率の推移を比較し,考察を行った。また,全国学力・学習状況調査における全国の中学生の平均正答率と沖縄県・秋田県の平均正答率との差を比較し,考察を行った。その結果,生徒の学 習観の一部に関して,生徒質問紙の推移から考察すると,学力上位県(秋田県)が好変容を継続しているのに対し,沖縄県は落ち込みが大きくなっていることが明らかになった。一方,沖縄県の数学の全国学力・学習状況調査における全国水準到達の背景には,数学A(基礎的・基本的な知識・技能が身に付いているかどうかをみる問題)における変容と関連があることが分かった。今後,数学の学習状況を全国水準上位程度へ向上させるには,知識及び技能の定着の場面で文脈や状況を意識しながら思考過程など解決のプロセスをより一層重視した授業改善が必要であることも示唆された。
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95.

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論文(リポジトリ)
道田, 泰司 ; Michita, Yasushi
出版情報: 琉球大学教職センター紀要 — Bulletin of Center for Professional Development of Teachers.  pp.85-96,  2020-03-31.  琉球大学教職センター
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/45498
概要: 本稿は,教授・学習に関わる沖縄県の教育課題について検討することを目的とした。教育現場自身が明示的に意識していない課題を検討するために,教職大学院において教授・学習に関わる講義を受けて出されたレポート45 名分を検討対象とした。その結果,学習 観が重要な課題であることが明らかとなった。それ以外の課題として,特に高校では,「暗記学習」となってしまうことが,校種に特有の課題である可能性が明らかとなった。学習観に関しては,それ自体が単体で課題となっているというよりも,「知識・理解・記憶」「活用」「対話的な学び」「学習意欲」「学習プロセス」など多くの課題と関連していることが明らかとなった。このように学習観が子どもの学びのさまざまな側面と関係していることから,学習観を切り口に教育課題を考える重要性が示唆された。
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96.

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田中, 洋 ; Tanaka, Hiroshi
出版情報: 琉球大学教職センター紀要 — Bulletin of Center for Professional Development of Teachers.  pp.97-106,  2020-03-31.  琉球大学教職センター
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/45499
概要: 紀要論文
97.

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下地, 敏洋 ; 島袋, 恒男 ; 多和田, 実 ; 盛山, 泰秀 ; Shimoji, Toshihiro ; Shimabukuro, Tsuneo ; Tawada, Minoru ; Moriyama, Yasuhide
出版情報: 琉球大学教職センター紀要 — Bulletin of Center for Professional Development of Teachers.  pp.107-118,  2020-03-31.  琉球大学教職センター
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/45500
概要: Purpose of the Study: The main purpose of this study is to report the status quo based on the resultof questionnaire sur vey related to the senior high school students’ ca reer consciousness and the sense ofpurpose in Okinawa.\nDesign and Methods: The authors carried out the questionnaire survey on high school students’ careerconsciousness and the sense of purpose at 12 prefectural high schools in Okinawa. Respondents (N=899)completed the questionnaire and questions of each category were analyzed as descriptive data for thisreport. The descriptive data were compared with that conducted in 1998.\nResults: The results show that the tendency of students’ career consciousness and the sense of purposeare the almost same the result conducted in 1988. There are several differences between genders in somequestions such as favorite subjects and type of jobs.\nImplications: It is a good way for high school students to have more chances to talk about many topicssuch as future jobs with parents, teachers, and classmates to improve their motivation to understand theimportance of academic works and their future career. Furthermore, the importance of career educationfocused on life-long education should be considered in high schools, especially for male students.
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98.

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浦崎, 武 ; 武田, 喜乃恵 ; 崎濱, 朋子 ; Urasaki, Takeshi ; Takeda, Kinoe ; Sakihama, Tomoko
出版情報: 琉球大学教職センター紀要 — Bulletin of Center for Professional Development of Teachers.  pp.119-128,  2020-03-31.  琉球大学教職センター
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/45501
概要: 地域の非行や不登児、障害児等の子どもの実態把握と支援体制の整備は地域特性に基づく専門的な研修を受ける機会が乏しい離島・へき地の実状に対して研修の機会やその質を高め、実践を指導できる人材を育成する上で、乳幼児期からの子どもたちの養育環境や家庭 環境の実態を把握する体制とその体制に基づいた支援の具体的な取組の計画とその実施のあり方について検討した。沖縄県の八重山地域の具体的な取組を通して、地域教育課題の解決に向けた地域の協働支援体制の構築を目指して、地域の特色に基づいた支援を必要とする子どもの早期支援体制整備のプロセスを整理した。
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99.

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本村, 佑衣 ; 緒方, 茂樹 ; Motomura, Yui ; Ogata, Shigeki
出版情報: 琉球大学教職センター紀要 — Bulletin of Center for Professional Development of Teachers.  pp.129-140,  2020-03-31.  琉球大学教職センター
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/45502
概要: 本研究では、就学支援等を含む特別支援教育の観点から沖縄県内における特別な支援を要する子どもの早期発見・早期支援に関わる方法論的研究を行う。本稿ではその第一段階として、沖縄県内で用いられている各市町村の児童票を可能な限り収集し、積極的に発達評 価ツールとして活用することを目的として詳細に比較・検討した。得られた所見に基づいて、保育士が子どもの発達段階を評価することができるアセスメントツール作成に向けた児童票の再編成と統一を試みた。収集した児童票は、沖縄県内全41 市町村のうち23 市町村あり、そのうち評価項目のあった児童票16 市町村分を基礎資料として検討を加えた。基礎資料となった0 ~ 5 歳児までの総評価項目4,709 項目について、まず共通項目の抽出と類似項目のカテゴライズを行った。カテゴライズされた評価項目について現職保育士6名とともにさらに詳細に検討し、遠城寺式の発達段階等とも照合しながら最終的に210項目まで絞り込みを行った。次に児童票を積極的に発達評価ツールとして活用するために先の210 項目を年齢毎に再編成し、沖縄県児童票スタンダード版「ひまわり」と名付けた。それぞれの市町村規模でひまわりの活用・共有ができれば、幼稚園への移行だけでなく子どもが小学校へ移行する際の支援、すなわち子どものより客観的な就学支援につながることが期待できる。
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100.

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兼本, 円 ; Kanemoto, Madoka
出版情報: 琉球大学教職センター紀要 — Bulletin of Center for Professional Development of Teachers.  pp.141-149,  2020-03-31.  琉球大学教職センター
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/45503
概要: The more English words Japanese students acquire, the higher scores that they obtain in standard English tests such TOEF L and TOEIC. However, the foregoing scores do not guaranteethat they develop one of the most important intercultural communication competences, i.e.,sense of humor. The paper proposes the first step of understanding English humor should be the examination of words in dictionaries, rather than contextualized humorous episodes, which might engender more difficulties of understanding. The secondary gift of “the first step” is that Japanese might discover extra humor which the native speakers might not notice.
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